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प्रश्न
Why does Russell call the three passions 'simple'?
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उत्तर
The essay actually is the preface to Bertrand Russell's autobiography. Every human is driven by a force, a passion all her/his life. It keeps her/him going. Some desire money, other, fame. There are some who desire simple satisfaction. Bertie's desires that he chased through his life were simple as well. He was driven by passions that any ordinary man or woman might feel for. For one, he wished love and got it too; he believed that it brought ecstasy. He got married four times to tell. Second, he hungered for knowledge and of course we all seek for it. He was a mathematician, a logician, political activist and wrote vastly on philosophy and contributed to literature, for which he received Nobel Prize as well. Third, he shared “an unbearable pity for the suffering of mankind”. He took a stand against World War 1 and Vietnam war. Any human will pity a suffering man or a woman for they have a heart and feel, and so did Russell. Russell was a man who did not lust after materialistic gains; he was born in a prominent aristocratic family of Britain and gave away much of what he inherited. He rose his voice in favour of suffragists and world government. He believed in free thought in religion and morals.
APPEARS IN
संबंधित प्रश्न
A1. (i) Two activities that mother was free to do:
(a)...........................................
(b)............................................
(ii)Two activities that children avoided doing because of television:
(a) .....................................
(b) ...................................
Oh yes, we know it keeps them still,
They don't climb out the window sill,
They never fight or kick or punch,
They leave you free to cook the lunch
And wash thedishes in the sink
But did you ever stop to think,
To wonder just exactly what
This does to your beloved tot?
It rots the sense in the head!
It kills imagination dead!
It clogs and clutters up the mind!
It makes a child so dull and blind
He can no longer understand
A fantasy, a fairyland!
His brain becomes as soft as cheese!
His power of thinking rust and freeze!
He cannot think - He only sees!
'All right!' you'll cry. 'All right!' you'll say,
'But if we take the set away,
What shall-we do to entertain
Our darling children? Please explain!'
We'll answer this by asking you,
'What used the darling ones to do?'
'How used they keep themselves contented
Before this monster was invented?'
Have you forgotten? Don't you know?
A2. According to the poem, why is excessive watching of TV harmful?
A3. His brain became as soft as cheese. The figure of speech is ..........because............
Attempt a character sketch of Mr Gilman as a teacher.
Complete the call-outs:
A.1)
Our world is an institution
Of environmental pollution
We choose not to care
For our future generations
And I for one am guilty
For buying the hundreds of electronic gadgets
That attracts the industries to produce like maggots
environmental pollution is at the heart of our planet
The forests are dying
Wildlife is crying
Millions of fish are dying
Mother earth is sighing
Tell me is it right
That we sleep well at night
Replenishing ourselves
For tomorrow’s greedy fight
Overcrowded trains
Overloaded brains
Where is the light? What is our plight?
While the river break their banks
And greedy industries play their polluted pranks.
A.2) Find the examples that show that we do not care for our future generation
A.3) Match:
Match the lines in Column ‘A’ with the figures of speech in Column ‘B’:
| Column ‘A’ | Column ‘B’ | ||
| (i) | Our world is an institution | (a) | Personification |
| (ii) | Mother earth is sighing | (b) | Simile |
| (c) | Metaphor |
Discuss the following statement in groups of two pairs, each pair in a group taking opposite points of view.
Why do you think Professor Gaitonde decided never to preside over meetings again?
Examine the communication channels in the story between Basset and Paul's uncle.
Discuss the following in pairs or in groups of four:
'It is time to realise that unless we modify the established notion of literature as something written, we will silently witness the decline of various Indian oral traditions'
Why is the speaker’s childhood described as ‘a forgotten boredom’?
Discuss in pairs
Ruskin's insistence on looking intensely at words, and assuring oneself of meaning, syllable by syllable – nay, letter by letter.
How does the poem bring out the elusive nature of happiness in human existence?
Answer in your own words.
Read and write down 5 points which prove that Tomba, (Lanthoi’s father) firmly believes in gender equality.
Using a dictionary/internet note down the main difference between self-reliant and self-assured.
Compare and contrast the two opposing human feelings as expressed by the poet.
Read the given words and share with your friend what comes to your mind.
Imagine that you wish to organize a cultural event at your college. Prepare your own web-chart to indicate the qualities that you expect to have in a compere.
Write short note on the following:
The 1883 eruption
Now, talk to your friends or elders; refer to books and read about all the objects on which wheels are used. List them. (How many did you miss out on in your first list? Why?)
Visit a library:
Find stories about hosts and guests. Share them with the class. Classify the stories into funny and serious stories.
Guess the meaning of the following from the context.
The garden still is alight with lilies.
Prepare similar word chains using the following ideas.
waterbody - pool ____________.
How does the following character in the story live up to their name? Provide points from the story.
Tengumai Bopsulai
What plans did the wife make?
Listen carefully and guess how the sentence would end.
When the students saw the question paper, they were ______.
How was Gulliver tied down on the seashore?
Imagine that you are in a land of tiny people like Lilliput. Write about some of the interesting things you might see there, including animals, houses, plants, vehicles, etc. Find an interesting name for this land.
Which event in the story tells us that the lion was brave?
Look at the photographs on textbook pages 19-20 carefully and imagine the following:
- The colours, shape, size, actions, etc. of what you see in the picture.
- The sound/sounds you may hear at the scene of the photograph.
- How the different things, birds, animals, etc. in the picture feel to the touch.
- The smell / smells you may smell at the scene of the picture.
- The taste of what you see in the pictures.
In short, let your imagination include oil your five senses.
Now, write short descriptions of any 8-10 of your choice.
Remember to make use of your senses (one or more!) when you describe a photograph. You will find the following words and phrases useful. You may also use other words you know.
What did the Judge tell Ahmad?
What is ‘e-mail’ or electronic mail?
Who is a ‘netizen’?
Find a word that has a similar meaning.
happily
Identify the character or speaker.
He imprisoned the spirits in the bodies of large trees.
Identify the character or speaker.
I will tie you neck and feet together.
What powers did Prospero posses?
What were the various sounds the brothers heard when they went downstairs?
Mention the things that the grandfather imagined.
Identify the speaker/character.
‘ Remember the tiny penknife he gave me last year’.
He decided to find his cousins’ home without their help. He asked the policeman for information in Italian because he.
What do you think are the two most important lessons that the speaker mentions?
Fill in the blank
______ is the festival which fills our hearts with delight.
He always had lunch with his family.
A tiny bird looked for a place to lay her eggs.
Complete the sentence given below with word/phrase.
The hole in the ground was filled______.
Read scene I of the play carefully and answer the question below.
List the characters that appear in the scene. What human characteristics do they exhibit?
Read scene I of the play carefully and answer the question below.
Match the following.
| Sr.No. | CHARACTER | TRAIT |
| a. | Father Wolf | with a grey nose…feeds her four cubs |
| b. | Tabaqui | the big one from Waingunga River with a lame foot |
| c. | Mother Wolf | the chief of the Wolves |
| d. | Shere Khan | begs for meat and thanks for the meal/warns the wolves about the arrival of Shere Khan |
The bird-catcher had a pigeon in his _______.
Why was the fish floating on top?
Arrange the actions of Robinson by numbering from 1 to 10.
Parents help us to overcome our______.
What did Rani want to become?
Ani grew the seeds well.
Bihar people saved trees by______ painting.
Choose the right word.
“Eat the leaves of the tamarind tree, and you’ll also sing like ______.
Why did the child in the poem like looking at the pictures?
Why did grandfather give the children money?
Did the girl buy a picture book?
Now, read the following passage on “Laughter Therapy” and answer the questions that follow.
- Laughing is an excellent way to reduce stress in our lives; it can help you to cope with and survive a stressful life. Laughter provides full-scale support for your muscles and unleashes a rush of stress-busting endorphins. Since our bodies cannot distinguish between real and fake laughter, anything that makes you giggle will have a positive impact.
- Laughter Therapy aims to get people laughing, in groups and individual sessions and can help reduce stress, make people and employees happier and more committed, as well as improve their interpersonal skills. This laughter comes from the body and not the mind.
- Laughter Yoga (Hasya yoga) is a practice involving prolonged voluntary laughter. It aims to get people laughing in groups. It is practiced in the early mornings in open-parks. It has been made popular as an exercise routine developed by Indian physician Madan Kataria, who writes about the practice in his 2002 book ‘Laugh for no reason'. Laughter Yoga is based on the belief that voluntary laughter provides the same physiological as well as psychological benefits as spontaneous laughter.
- Laughter yoga session may start with gentle warm-up techniques which include stretching, chanting, clapping, eye contact and body movements to help break down inhibitions and encourage a sense of playfulness. Moreover, laughter is the best medicine. Breathing exercises are used to prepare the lungs for laughter followed by a series of laughter exercises that combine a method of acting and visualization techniques. Twenty minutes of laughter is sufficient to augment physiological development.
- A handful of small-scale scientific studies have indicated that laughter yoga has some medically beneficial effects, including cardiovascular health and mood. This therapy has proved to be good for depressed patients. This laughter therapy also plays a crucial role in social bonding.
Answer the following.
a. How does laughter help one to cope with stress?
b. Which word in the text (para 2) means the same as ‘dedicated'?
c. Why do you think voluntary laughter provides the same physiological as well as psychological benefits as spontaneous laughter?
d. ‘Laughter is the best medicine’. Explain.
e. Given below is a set of activities. Which of these are followed in the ‘Laughter Yoga’ technique?
- sitting on the ground with legs crossed
- body movements
- clapping
- closed eyes
- breathing exercises
- chanting
- stretching of arms and legs
- bending backwards
- running/jogging
- eye contact
f. ‘Laughter therapy also plays a crucial role in social bonding’. How?
Being a bachelor, the stranger had no patience with children.
