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प्रश्न
Explain D and L configuration in sugars.
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उत्तर
D and L configuration in sugars:
- Conventionally (+)-glyceraldehyde is represented by the Fischer projection formula having –OH group attached to C-2 on the right side and this configuration is denoted by symbol ‘D’.
- Similarly, the configuration of (–) glyceraldehyde is denoted by the symbol ‘L’.
- All the compounds which can be correlated by a series of chemical reactions to (+)-glyceraldehyde are said to have D-configuration.
- And compounds which are chemically correlated to (–)-glyceraldehyde are said to have L-configuration. This is the system of the relative configuration of chiral compounds.
- A monosaccharide is assigned D/L configuration on the basis of the configuration of the lowest chiral carbon in its Fischer projection formula.
- Relative configuration of (+)-glucose with respect to (+)-glyceraldehyde can be drawn as follows:
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संबंधित प्रश्न
\[\ce{CH2OH-CO-(CHOH)4-CH2OH}\] is an example of ______.
Give two evidences for presence of formyl group in glucose.
Glucose on oxidation with dilute nitric acid gives _______________
The glycosidic linkage in maltose is formed between _______________
Write chemical reaction for following conversions
glucose into gluconic acid
What is the action of the following reagents on glucose?
acetic anhydride
Draw the Haworth projection structure of the following.
α-D-(–)-Fructofuranose
Identify the bond that links the carbon of two adjacent monosaccharides.
From the following identify an example of disaccharides.
Which of the following monosaccharides is a tetrose sugar?
Which of the following is the basic unit of carbohydrates?
Carbohydrates can contain which of the following chemical groups?
______ is the prosthetic group of glycoproteins.
Identify the sugar having the molecular formula C6H1206.
Fructose is the fruit sugar and chemically it is ketohexose but it has a ______ rather than a ______.
By which of the following feature we can identify the relatively small DNA molecules of plasmids?
Match the Column I and Column II select the correct option.
| Column I | Column II | ||
| i. | Monosaccharides | a. | Stored energy in animals |
| ii. | Glycogen | b. | Polymer made from ß-glucose molecules |
| iii. | Cellulose | c. | Exoskeleton of arthropods |
| iv. | Chitin | d. | Building blocks of carbohydrates |
| e. | Plant hormone |
From the following identify the two types of glucose polymers present in starch.
Match the columns and select the correct option.
| Column I | Column II | ||
| i. | Starch | a. | Animal storage molecule |
| ii. | Cellulose | b. | Plant storage molecule |
| iii. | Glycogen | c. | Heparin |
| iv. | Heteropolysaccharide | d. | Plant cell wall component |
Prolonged heating of glucose with hot HI results in the formation of ____________.
Which one of the following is an oligosaccharide?
Which one of the following is generally applicable to polysaccharides?
Which one of the following carbohydrates is insoluble in water?
Which one of the following is NOT soluble in water?
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Which following reagent is used to detect presence of five hydroxyl groups in a glucose molecule?
Which among the following statements is true for amylose?
When 2 moles of stachyose is hydrolyzed, the number of moles of galactose obtained is ____________.
Which among the following reagents is used to confirm the presence of carbonyl group in glucose?
On hydrolysis sucrose gives ____________.
What is the product obtained when Br2 water reacts with glucose?
The number of sp2 and sp3 hybridised carbon in fructose are respectively ____________.
α-D (+) Glucose and β-D (+) glucose are ____________.
Why carbohydrates are generally optically active?
Classify the following into monosaccharides, oligosaccharides and polysaccharides.
Starch
Classify the following into monosaccharides, oligosaccharides and polysaccharides.
Fructose
Classify the following into monosaccharides, oligosaccharides and polysaccharides.
Sucrose
The molecule of glucose is also called ______.
If 'n' represents total number of asymmetric carbon atoms in a compound, then the possible· number of optical isomers of the compound is ______.
Lactose is made of ______.
Match the Column I with Column II and choose the correct answer from options below:
| Column I | Column II |
| A. Purine | 1. Glycogen |
| B. Pyrimidine | 2. Cellulose |
| C. Structural polysaccharide | 3. Glucagon |
| D. Storage polysaccharide | 4. Adenine |
| 5. Cytosine |
Starch and cellulose are compounds made up of many units of ______.
Consider the following reaction
\[\ce{A <-[Br2 - H2O] Glucose ->[HNO3] B}\]
Here, 'A' and 'B' are respectively.
\[\ce{CH2OH - CO - (CHOH)4 - CH2OH}\] is an example of ______.
Why carbohydrates are generally optically active.
Why carbohydrates are generally optically active.
Why carbohydrates are generally optically active?
Describe the action of the following reagent on glucose:
dil. Nitric acid.
Write the ring structure of glucose.
CH2 OH - CO - (CHOH)4 - CH2 OH is an example of ______.
CH2 OH - CO - (CHOH)4 - CH2 OH is an example of ______.
Why carbohydrates are generally optically active.
\[\ce{CH2OH - CO - (CHOH)4 - CH2OH}\] is an example of ______.
\[\ce{CH2OH - CO - (CHOH)4 - CH2OH}\] is an example of ______.
Why carbohydrates are generally optically active.
What are the number of chiral carbon atoms and the number of formyl groups, respectively, present in ribose?
