Advertisements
Advertisements
प्रश्न
Explain aqueous alkaline hydrolysis of tert. butyl bromide.
Advertisements
उत्तर
i. Aqueous alkaline hydrolysis of tert. butyl bromide forms tert-butyl alcohol. The reaction can be given as,
\[\begin{array}{cc}
\ce{\phantom{....}CH3\phantom{.........................}}\ce{CH3\phantom{............}}\\
|\phantom{.............................}|\phantom{...........}\\
\ce{CH3 - C - Br +\underset{\text{Nucleophile}}{OH-} ->CH3 - C - OH +\underset{\text{Bromide ion}}{Br-}}\\
|\phantom{.............................}|\phantom{...........}\\
\ce{\underset{\text{Tert-Butyl bromide}}{CH3}\phantom{.................}}
\ce{\underset{\text{tert−Butyl alcohol}}{CH3}}\phantom{.........}\\
\end{array}\]
Rate = k [(CH3)3C − Br]
ii. The reaction follows the first-order kinetics. That is, the rate of this reaction depends on the concentration of only one species, which is the substrate molecule, tert-butyl bromide. Hence, it is called substitution nucleophilic unimolecular, SN1 mechanism.
iii. It can be seen in the reaction that the concentration of the only substrate appears in the rate equation that is, the concentration of the nucleophile does not influence the reaction rate.
iv. In other words, tert-butyl bromide reacts with hydroxide by a two steps mechanism.
In the slow step C–X bond in the substrate undergoes heterolysis and in the subsequent fast step, the nucleophile uses its electron pair to form a new bond with the carbon undergoing change.
v. The SN1 mechanism is represented as,
- Step I:
- Step II:
APPEARS IN
संबंधित प्रश्न
Convert the following:
2-Chloropropane to propan-1-ol
Observe the following and answer the question given below.
Comment on the bond length of C–X bond in it.
Observe the following and answer the question given below.
Can it react by SN1 mechanism? Justify your answer.
Major product of the following reaction is _______________
\[\ce{CH3-CH2-Mg-Br + NH3 ->?}\]
Write the correct order of increasing ease of dehydrohalogenation.
\[\ce{\underset{\text{(I)}}{CH3 - CH2 - CH2 - Cl}}\]
\[\ce{\underset{\text{(II)}}{CH3 - CH(Cl) - CH3}}\]
\[\begin{array}{cc}
\ce{CH3}\\
|\\
\ce{CH3-C-Cl}\phantom{...}\\
|\\
\ce{CH3}\\
\ce{(III)}
\end{array}\]
In alkaline hydrolysis of tertiary butyl bromide, ____________.
The following mechanism has been proposed for the reaction of NO2 with F2 to form NO2F:
\[\ce{NO2_{(g)} + F2_{(g)} -> NO2F_{(g)} + F_{(g)} (slow)}\]
\[\ce{F_{(g)} + NO2_{(g)} -> NO2F_{(g)} (fast)}\]
The order of the reaction with respect to NO2(g)
Which one is most reactive towards nucleophilic addition reaction?
When C2H5Br is treated with excess of alc. NH3, the major product obtained is ____________.
The SN2 reaction of a compound containing an asymmetric carbon atom always gives ____________.
Write the product formed when alkyl halide reacts with silver nitrite.
Which of the following statements is incorrect regarding the dehydrohalogenation of alkenes?
The order of reactivity of the given haloalkanes towards nucleophiles is:
Which among the following statements is not correct about SN2 reaction mechanism?
Complete the following reaction giving major products.
\[\begin{array}{cc}
\ce{CH3}\phantom{.......}\\
|\phantom{.........}\\
\ce{CH3 - c - CH2 - Cl ->[Na/dry ether]}\\
|\phantom{.........}\\
\ce{CH3}\phantom{.......}
\end{array}\]
Complete the following reactions giving a major product.
\[\begin{array}{cc}
\ce{CH3}\phantom{................}\\
|\phantom{..................}\\
\ce{CH3 - C - CH2 - Cl ->[Na/dry ether] A}\\
|\phantom{..................}\\
\ce{CH3}\phantom{................}
\end{array}\]
Complete the following reaction giving a major product.
\[\begin{array}{cc}
\ce{CH3}\phantom{.................}\\
|\phantom{...................}\\
\ce{CH3 - C - CH2 - Cl->[Na/dry ether]A}\\
|\phantom{..................}\\
\ce{CH3}\phantom{................}
\end{array}\]
Observe the following and answer the question given below:
Can react by SN1 mechanism? Justify your answer.
Complete the following reaction sequences by writing the structural formulae of the organic compounds 'A', 'B' and 'C'.
\[\ce{2-Bromobutan ->[alc. KOH] A ->[][Br2] B ->[][NANH2] C}\]
Define and explain the SN1 mechanism with a suitable example.
Complete the following reaction giving major product.
\[\begin{array}{cc}
\ce{CH3}\phantom{...............}\\
|\phantom{..................}\\
\ce{CH3 - C - CH2 - Cl->[Na/dry ether]A}\\
|\phantom{..................}\\
\ce{CH3}\phantom{...............}\\
\end{array}\]
Complete the following reaction giving major product.
\[\begin{array}{cc}
\ce{CH3}\phantom{................}\\
|\phantom{...................}\\
\ce{CH3 - C - CH2 - Cl->[Na/ dry ether]A}\\
|\phantom{...................}\\
\ce{CH3}\phantom{................}\\
\end{array}\]
Complete the following reaction giving major product.
\[\begin{array}{cc}
\ce{CH3}\phantom{................}\\
|\phantom{...................}\\
\ce{CH3 - C - CH2 - Cl ->[Na/dry ether] A}\\
|\phantom{...................}\\
\ce{CH3}\phantom{................}\\
\end{array}\]
Which of the following pair of compounds on heating gives butanenitrile?
Which among the following is NOT benzylic halide?
