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प्रश्न
Can a disease be detected before its symptoms appear? Explain the principle involved.
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उत्तर
Yes, detection of disease before its symptoms appear can be possible by only amplifying the nucleic acids by the technique known as Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), which was not possible with conventional diagnostic tests. A single DNA molecule can be copied endlessly using Primers, DNA polymerase enzyme, and free nucleotides under appropriate conditions in PCR.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Recombination DNA−technology is of great importance in the field of medicine. With the help of a flow chart, show how this technology has been used in preparing genetically engineered human insulins.
What is gene therapy? Illustrate using the example of adenosine deaminase (ADA) deficiency.
Can you suggest a method to remove oil (hydrocarbon) from seeds based on your understanding of rDNA technology and the chemistry of oil?
Consult the internet and find out how to make orally active protein pharmaceuticals. What is the major problem to be encountered?
State the cause of ADA deficiency in humans.Mention a possible cure for an ADA deficiency patient.
Expand the Given and mention one application of each:
ELISA
Give a schematic representation of the transformation of a pro-insulin into insulin.
Describe the role of primers.
The first clinical gene therapy was done for the treatment of ________.
Mention the number of primers required in each cycle of PCR. Write the role of primers and DNA polymerase in PCR. Name the source organism of the DNA polymerase used in PCR.
How was Insulin obtained before the advent of rDNA technology? What were the problems encountered?
C-peptide of human insulin is ______.
ADA is an enzyme which is deficient in a genetic disorder SCID. What is the full form of ADA?
Due to which of the following reasons insulin extracted from pancreas of slaughtered animals cannot be used in humans to treat diabetes?
For effective treatment of the disease, early diagnosis and understanding of its pathophysiology is very important. Which of the following molecular diagnostic techniques is very useful for early detection?
Give the full form of ELISA. Which disease can be detected using it? Discuss the principle underlying the test.
How is a mature, functional insulin hormone different from its prohormone form?
How does a gene therapy involving direct modification of the cells, in order to achieve a therapeutic goal is used in the treatment of ADA deficiency? Explain.
- Assertion: PCR is a powerful technique to identify genetic disorders.
- Reason: PCR can detect mutations in low amounts of DNA.
The diagram given below represents the schematic structure of proinsulin, which undergoes certain modifications before it becomes a fully functional insulin.
Study the diagram carefully and answer the questions that follow:
- State the change the proinsulin undergoes to become fully functional.
- Name the modern scientific technique used for the production of human insulin.
- How are the two polypeptide chains of the fully functional insulin held together?
