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प्रश्न
The diagram given below represents the schematic structure of proinsulin, which undergoes certain modifications before it becomes a fully functional insulin.
Study the diagram carefully and answer the questions that follow:
- State the change the proinsulin undergoes to become fully functional.
- Name the modern scientific technique used for the production of human insulin.
- How are the two polypeptide chains of the fully functional insulin held together?
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उत्तर
- Proinsulin undergoes a chemical change in which the C-peptide is cleaved and eliminated before becoming completely functional as mature insulin. The C-chain breaks to generate an active insulin molecule.
- Recombinant DNA (rDNA) technology is used to produce human insulin.
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Disulfide bonds connect the two polypeptide chains, the A chain (21 amino acids) and the B chain (30 amino acids), to form the fully functioning insulin molecule. These chains are linked by two disulfide bonds, while the A chain contains an additional internal disulfide bond. These connections are critical to insulin's structure and activity.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
State the role of C-peptide in human insulin.
The first clinical gene therapy was done for the treatment of ________.
ELISA is based on:
When gene targetting involving gene amplification is attempted in an individual’s tissue to treat disease, it is known as ______
Which of the following is not an application of PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction)?
With regard to insulin choose the correct options.
- C-peptide is not present in mature insulin.
- The insulin produced by rDNA technology has C-peptide.
- The pro-insulin has C-peptide.
- A-peptide and B-peptide of insulin are interconnected by disulphide bridges.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below.
For effective treatment of the disease, early diagnosis and understanding of its pathophysiology is very important. Which of the following molecular diagnostic techniques is very useful for early detection?
Atherosclerosis can be treated with recombinant protein called ______
In the recombinant production of humulin using Escherichia coli, which plasmid vector and bacterial gene are fused with the human insulin A and B chain sequences?
Why is the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) preferred over conventional culture and serological methods for early disease diagnosis?
