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प्रश्न
Write information about Ballad.
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उत्तर
- A ballad is a song that tells a story, and it can be dramatic, funny or romantic.
- Traditionally the ballad has been considered a folkloric verse narrative which has strong associations with communal dancing. Generally, the term is used for a narrative poem which uses an elliptical and highly stylized mode of narration. The technique of repetition with variation may play an important part in it.
- From the 18th century onwards, collections of folk / ‘popular ballads’ began to be made. The form was taken up by some of the most influential poets of the late 18th century as a folkloric form of expression.
- A typical ballad consists of stanzas that contain a quatrain, or four poetic lines. Some ballads have a refrain, or a repeated chorus, just like a song does. The rhyme scheme adds musical quality to the poem. One famous ballad is ‘The Rime of the Ancient Mariner’ by English poet Samuel Taylor Coleridge.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Give antonyms of the following words by adding prefixes :
(i) gratitude
(ii) clear
(iii) believe
(iv) significance
English is a language that contains words from many other languages. This inclusiveness is one of the reasons it is now a world language, for example:
petite - French
kindergarten - German
capital - Latin
democracy - Greek
bazaar - Hindi
Find out the origin of the following words.
Tycoon, tulip, logo, bandicoot, barbecue, veranda, robot, zero, ski, trek
Notice the underlined words in these sentences and choose the option that best explains their meanings.
Don’t go so fast, you will get to your school in plenty of time.
You will get to your school ______
Notice the following expression. The highlighted word is not used in a literal sense. Explain what it means:
Words had to be prized out of him like stones out of a ground.
You came across the words, plod, trudge, stagger in the story. These words indicate movement accompanied by weariness. Find five other such words with a similar meaning.
A crofter is a person who rents or owns a small farm especially in Scotland. Think of other uncommon terms for ‘a small farmer’, including those in your language.
List other words that you know that fall into this category.
Form groups and explain the following words with examples. You can take help of your teacher.
Courtesy
Form groups and explain the following words with examples. You can take help of your teacher.
Generosity
Form groups and explain the following words with examples. You can take help of your teacher.
Sympathy
Form groups and explain the following words with examples. You can take help of your teacher.
Empathy
Distinguish between a legal offence and a moral offence on the basis of the given text.
| Legal offence | Moral offence |
| Burglary | Rude behaviour |
Choose appropriate phrases/expressions from the extract given in the options and fill in the blank appropriately.
I was on diet for some days but today I am going to eat _______.
Choose appropriate phrases/expressions from the extract given in the options and fill in the blank appropriately.
All their educational problems were sorted out _______ because of the funds given by an NGO.
The verbs in bold letters are made up of a verb and a small adverb.
(Adverb particles are not the same as prepositions.)
For example, shake (verb) + up (adverb). These are called ‘phrasal verbs.’ The meaning of a phrasal verb may be idiomaticdifferent from the meanings of the two separate words.
Read carefully the following sentence from the text and underline the phrasal verbs.
We travel, then, in part just to shake up our complacencies.
The verbs in bold letters are made up of a verb and a small adverb.
(Adverb particles are not the same as prepositions.)
For example, shake (verb) + up (adverb). These are called ‘phrasal verbs.’ The meaning of a phrasal verb may be idiomaticdifferent from the meanings of the two separate words.
Read carefully the following sentence from the text and underline the phrasal verb.
I remember, in fact, after my first trip to Southeast Asia, more than a decade ago. How I would come back to my apartment in New York.
Go through the text to find the antonyms of the words given in the grid and fill the boxes. One is done for you.

(1) unlucky (2) solution
(3) trust (4) confident
(5) advanced (6) blockhead
The road in the poem does not mean only the road to travel. The poet wants to suggest the road of life. Explain the metaphor with the help of the poem.
Make a word register for clothes/attire/dress.
The poet has asked a question at the beginning of every stanza. Explain the effect it creates on the reader.
Compose four lines on ‘Importance of clothes.’
Some words in the poem are related to different parts of a ship or a mariner’s life. Given below is the meaning of those terms. Identify the word.
Helps in steering the ship
Some words in the poem are related to different parts of a ship or a mariner’s life. Given below is the meaning of those terms. Identify the word.
The lowest part of the ship
Some words in the poem are related to different parts of a ship or a mariner’s life. Given below is the meaning of those terms. Identify the word.
Sinking sound
Pick out the describing words from the poem and add a noun of your own. One is done for you.
| Toiling (time) | Toiling (day) |
The rhyme scheme of the first stanza is ‘aabb’. Find the rhyme scheme of other stanzas
Complete the following using suitable describing word as appeared in the poem with the help of the words given in the option:
Father’s tea
Complete the following using suitable describing word as appeared in the poem with the help of the words given in the option:
Father’s food
Complete the following using suitable describing word as appeared in the poem with the help of the words given in the option:
Father’s eyesight
I see him drinking weak tea, Eating a stale chapati.
Here ‘stale chapati’ stands for stale food/non-nourishing food or diet, where the part symbolizes the whole, i.e. food. Guess the name of the figure of speech.
A contraction is a shortened version of the written and spoken forms of the word, syllable or word groups created by omission of internal letters and sounds. Find out the instances of contractions from the poem.
Find out from the poem example of Metaphor.
Find out from the poem example of Alliteration.
Find out from the poem example of Personification.
Find from the text the collocation for the following.
______ slowly
From the story, find the collocation of the following.
............ important.
From the story, find the collocation of the following.
............. intently
From the story, find the collocation of the following.
frail and .........
From the story, find the collocation of the following.
widely ..........
From the story, find the collocation of the following.
simple ..........
From the story, find the collocation of the following.
.......... peace.
Refer to a dictionary to find out the meanings of the following words.
Spirit - a person’s mind or feelings or soul.
- Spiritual
- Spirituality
- Spiritualism
- Spiritualist
From the lesson, pick out one word for the following.
point of view
From the lesson, pick out one word for the following.
a place of residence
The writer says he grew ‘an awful lot of moong’. Explain the word 'awful' in this sentence.
Let’s use the Thesaurus.
Along with your partner, go to the library or search the internet for a standard Thesaurus to complete the following table. One is done for you.
| Sr. No. | Word | Type | Synonym | Antonym |
| 1. | observe | verb | notice, discern, detect, mark | ignore, overlook |
| 2. | abandoned | |||
| 3. | grateful | |||
| 4. | initiative | |||
| 5. | peril | |||
| 6. | separation |
Homograph: Homograph is a word spelled and pronounced like another word but with a different meaning.
For example: the word ‘fast’ has two meanings. The different meanings are -
fast- hold firmly
fast- to abstain from food
fast- opposite of slow.
Go through the text again and make a list of meanings of all the homographs that are found in the text. Also, make a list of such words that you know, heard, or read somewhere.
Discuss the meanings of the following idioms/phrases and use them in your own sentence.
To be taken by surprise.
Find more such idioms using the following key word.
name of animals
Find more such idioms using the following key word.
colours
Read the following word carefully and make a meaningful sentence of your own, and write in your notebook.
Plaintively
Read the following word carefully and make a meaningful sentence of your own, and write in your notebook.
Monstrous
Read the following word carefully and make a meaningful sentence of your own, and write in your notebook.
Soar
Read the following word carefully and fill in the blank by choosing the appropriate word given in options.
The violin played very ______.
Read the following word carefully and fill in the blank by choosing the appropriate word given in options.
Ravi said, “Are you really ______ of the dark?”
Read the following word carefully and fill in the blank by choosing the appropriate word given in options.
The whole village ______ into darkness.
Read the following word carefully and fill in the blank by choosing the appropriate word given in options.
The lions ______ their prey, hungrily.
Explain how the underlined Homographs differ in meaning.
- The aeroplane will land at 9.00 pm. sharp.
- He owns 10 acres of land.
Use the following word/phrase in your own sentence.
confined to
Look at the word and their meaning. select the correct alternative.
monument
Complete the sentences meaningfully and share them with the class.
- If you do exercise daily, _______.
- If _______, you will pass the exam.
- If _______, _______.
- ______, if _______
Insert the proper words from the bracket to form collocations.
(a) afford (b) time (c) defeat (d) clothes (e) owners (f) necessary (g) role (h) interview (i) morning (j) cold.
- absolutely ____________
- cannot __________________
- formal __________________
- job __________________
- pass __________________
- accept __________________
- early __________________
- catch a __________________
- leading __________________
- joint __________________
culminate : __________________
Make a meaningful sentence by using the following phrase.
in the pursuit of
Make a meaningful sentence by using the following phrase.
to give up
Find antonym of the following word from the story.
drizzle ×
Find antonym of the following word from the story.
unimportant ×
Make a sentence of your own using the following word.
humble surroundings
Find a synonym from the story for the following word.
Repair
Find the antonym of the following word from the text.
Finally ×
Find a synonym from the story for the following word.
Contentment
