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4-gons (Quadrilaterals)
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- Property: The Opposite Sides of a Parallelogram Are of Equal Length.
- Theorem: A Diagonal of a Parallelogram Divides It into Two Congruent Triangles.
- Theorem : If Each Pair of Opposite Sides of a Quadrilateral is Equal, Then It is a Parallelogram.
- Property: The Opposite Angles of a Parallelogram Are of Equal Measure.
- Theorem: If in a Quadrilateral, Each Pair of Opposite Angles is Equal, Then It is a Parallelogram.
- Property: The diagonals of a parallelogram bisect each other. (at the point of their intersection)
- Theorem : If the Diagonals of a Quadrilateral Bisect Each Other, Then It is a Parallelogram
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Theorem
Theorem (SSS congruence rule) : If three sides of one triangle are equal to the three sides of another triangle, then the two triangles are congruent.
Construct two right angled triangles with hypotenuse equal to 5 cm and one side equal to 4 cm each in following fig.

The two triangles cover each other completely and so they are congruent.
Note that, the right angle is not the included angle in this case.
Theorem (RHS congruence rule) : If in two right triangles the hypotenuse and one side of one triangle are equal to the hypotenuse and one side of the other triangle, then the two triangles are congruent.
Note that RHS stands for Right angle - Hypotenuse - Side.
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