Advertisements
Advertisements
Question
Vapour pressure of pure acetone and chloroform at 328 K are 741.8 mm Hg and 632.8 mm Hg respectively. Assuming that they form ideal solution over the entire range of composition, plot Ptotal, `P_"chloroform"` and `P_"acetone"` as a function of `chi_"acetone"`. The experimental data observed for different compositions of mixtures is:
| `bb(100 xx chi_"acetone")` | `bb(P_"acetone"//"mm Hg")` | `bb(P_"chloroform"//"mm Hg")` |
| 0 | 0 | 632.8 |
| 11.8 | 54.9 | 548.1 |
| 23.4 | 110.1 | 469.4 |
| 36.0 | 202.4 | 359.7 |
| 50.8 | 322.7 | 257.7 |
| 58.2 | 405.9 | 193.6 |
| 64.5 | 454.1 | 161.2 |
| 72.1 | 521.1 | 120.7 |
Plot this data also on the same graph paper. Indicate whether it has a positive or negative deviation from the ideal solution.
Advertisements
Solution
| `bb(100 xx chi_"acetone")` | `bb(P_"acetone"//"mm Hg")` | `bb(P_"chloroform"//"mm Hg")` | Ptotal (mm Hg) |
| 0 | 0 | 632.8 | 632.8 |
| 11.8 | 54.9 | 548.1 | 602.0 |
| 23.4 | 110.1 | 469.4 | 579.5 |
| 36 | 202.4 | 359.7 | 562.1 |
| 50.8 | 322.7 | 257.7 | 580.4 |
| 58.2 | 405.9 | 193.6 | 595.5 |
| 64.5 | 454.1 | 161.2 | 615.3 |
| 72.1 | 521.1 | 120.7 | 641.8 |
It can be observed from the graph that the plot for the Ptotal of the solution curves downward. Therefore, the solution shows a negative deviation from the ideal behaviour.
RELATED QUESTIONS
Heptane and octane form an ideal solution. At 373 K, the vapour pressures of the two liquid components are 105.2 kPa and 46.8 kPa respectively. What will be the vapour pressure of a mixture of 26.0 g of heptane and 35 g of octane?
Suggest the most important type of intermolecular attractive interaction in the following pair.
Acetonitrile (CH3CN) and acetone (C3H6O)
Define an ideal solution and write one of its characteristics.
Fill in the blanks by choosing the appropriate word/words from those given in the brackets:
Ideal solutions obey ………. law and they …………. form azeotropic mixtures.
(Henry’s, aldol condensation, absence, do not, ohm, Raoult’s, increases, common ion effect, easily, three, solubility product, ohm-1, two, four, ohm-1, cm2, Cannizzaro, ohm-1 cm-1, zero, decreases, presence)
Assertion: An ideal solution obeys Raoults Law.
Reason: In an ideal solution, solvent – solvent as well as solute – solute interactions are similar to solute-solvent interactions.
State Raoult law and obtain the expression for lowering of vapour pressure when the nonvolatile solute is dissolved Insolvent.
The observed depression in the freezing point of water for a particular solution is 0.093°C calculate the concentration of the solution in molality. Given that molal depression constant for water is 1.86 K Kg mol-1.
If two liquids A and B form minimum boiling azeotrope at some specific composition then ______.
What is “semi permeable membrane”?
Assertion: Molarity of a solution in liquid state changes with temperature.
Reason: The volume of a solution changes with change in temperature.
Assertion: When a solution is separated from the pure solvent by a semipermeable membrane, the solvent molecules pass through it from pure solvent side to the solution side.
Reason: Diffusion of solvent occurs from a region of high concentration solution to a region of low concentration solution.
While titration dilute HCl solution with aqueous NaOH, which of the following will not be required?
Assertion (A): The enthalpy of mixing Δmix H is equal to zero for an ideal solution.
Reason (R): For an ideal solution the interaction between solute and solvent molecules is stronger than the interactions between solute-solute or solvent-solvent molecules.
1 mole of liquid A and 2 moles of liquid B make a solution having a total vapour pressure of 40 torr. The vapour pressure of pure A and pure B are 45 torr and 30 torr, respectively. The above solution ______.
Suggest the most important type of intermolecular attractive interaction in the following pair.
n-hexane and n-octane
Suggest the most important type of intermolecular attractive interaction in the following pair:
I2 and CCl4
