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Question
Using sodium hydroxide solution, how will you distinguish:
Iron (II) chloride from iron (III) chloride
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Solution
Iron (II) chloride from iron (III) chloride
(i) \[\ce{FeCl2 + 2NaOH -> Fe(OH)2 + 2NaCI}\]
Fe(OH)2 precipitates are dirty green gelatinous in nature.
(ii) \[\ce{FeCl3 + 3NaOH -> Fe(OH)3 + 3NaCI}\]
Fe(OH)3 precipitates are reddish brown in colour.
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Using Sodium hydroxide solution, how would you distinguish: Zinc nitrate solution from calcium nitrate solution.
Sodium hydroxide solution is added first in a small quantity, then in excess to the aqueous salt solutions of copper (II) sulphate, zinc nitrate, lead nitrate, calcium chloride, and iron (III) sulphate. Copy the following table and write the colour of the precipitate in (i) to (v) and the nature of the precipitate (soluble or insoluble) in (vi) to (x).
| Aqueous salt solution | Colour of precipitate when NaOH is added in a small quantity | Nature of precipitate (soluble or insoluble) when NaOH is added in excess |
| Copper (II) sulphate | (i) | (vi) |
| Zinc nitrate | (ii) | (vii) |
| Lead nitrate | (iii) | (viii) |
| Calcium chloride | (iv) | (ix) |
| Iron (III) Sulphate | (v) | (x) |
Sodium hydroxide solution is added to the solutions containing the ions mentioned in List X. List Y gives the details of the precipitate. Match the ions with their coloured precipitates.
| List X | List Y |
| (i) Pb2+ | (A) Reddish Brown |
| (ii) Fe2+ | (B) White insoluble inexcess |
| (iii) Zn2+ | (C) Dirty green |
| (iv) Fe3+ | (D) White soluble in excess |
| (v) Cu2+ | (E) White soluble in excess |
| (vi) Ca2+ | (F) Blue |
Distinguish by adding:
Sodium hydroxide solution and ammonium hydroxide solution to copper salt solution and ferrous salt solution.
Distinguish by adding:
Sodium hydroxide solution and ammonium hydroxide solution to Fe(II) salt solution and Fe(III) salt solution.
State one relevant observation for the following:
To the copper nitrate solution, initially, few drops of sodium hydroxide solution is added and then added in excess.
