Advertisements
Advertisements
Question
Simple Past and Past Perfect
Complete this story by Julius Lester. Choose the correct forms of the words
given in the brackets.
Brer Rabbit (a) ________ (decidedI had decided) gardening was too much hard work. So he (b) ________ (had gone/went) back to his old ways of eating from everybody else’s garden. Earlier, he (c)________ (made/had made) a tour through the community to see what everybody (d)________ (had been/was) planting that summer and his eye (e) ________ (was/had been) caught by Brer Fox’s peanut patch.
That night Brer Rabbit (l) _______ (came/had come) down to the peanut patch. He climbed through the hole and WHOOSH ! Next thing he (m) _______ (had known/knew), he was hanging in the air upside down. There (n) ________ (wasn’t/hadn’t been) a thing he could do, so he made himself comfortable to catch a little sleep!
Answer the following questions based on the story you have read.
(a) What had Brer Rabbit found out?
(b) What did he do when the plants grew?
(c) How did he enter Brer Fox's peanut patch?
(d) Brer Fox had an idea of who was stealing from his patch. What did he do to trap
Brer Rabbit?
You must have used the simple past tense and past perfect tense in your
answer. Do you know most often, when you use the past perfect, you use it with
the (simple) past?
Study the sentences from the story and write whether (a) the action happened
before the action mentioned in the simple past tense, or (b) an action happened
after the action mentioned in the past perfect tense.
(e.g.) Brer Rabbit had decided _(a)_ gardening was _(b)_too much for him. So,
he went __ back to his old ways. Earlier, he had made __ a tour through
the community to see what everybody had been __ planting that summer
and his eye was __ caught by Brer Fox's peanut patch.
Advertisements
Solution
(A) Brer Rabbit (a) had decided (decidedI had decided) gardening was too much hard work. So he (b) went (had gone/went) back to his old ways of eating from everybody else’s garden. Earlier, he (c) had made (made/had made) a tour through the community to see what everybody (d) had been (had been/was) planting that summer and his eye (e) had been (was/had been) caught by Brer Fox’s peanut patch.
That night Brer Rabbit (l) came (came/had come) down to the peanut patch. He climbed through the hole and WHOOSH ! Next thing he (m) knew (had known/knew), he was hanging in the air upside down. There (n) wasn't (wasn’t/hadn’t been) a thing he could do, so he made himself comfortable to catch a little sleep!
(B) Answer the following questions based on the story you have read. (ANSWER)
(a) Brer Rabbit had found out that gardening was too much hard work.
(b) He ate peanuts to his fill.
(c) He entered Brer Fox’s peanut patch through a small hole in the fence.
(d) Brer Fox inspected his fence and found a small hole on the north side. He tied a rope with a loop knot and put it inside the hole. If anybody stepped into it, the rope would grab his leg and hoist him up in the air.
(C) (a) decided / had decided This action takes place before the one given in (b) here.
(b) had gone / went — do —
(c) made / had made This action takes place before those given in (a), (b) above.
(d) had been / was — do —
(e) was / had been — do —
(f) had been / were Action in (f) takes place before the action in (g).
(g) decided / had decided — do —
(h) had eaten / ate This action takes place after the actions shown in (f) and (g) above.
(i) had / had had Action shown in (i) takes place before the action in (j)
(j) had found / found — do —
(k) stepped / had stepped The action shown in (k) takes place after the action given in (i) and (j).
(l) came / had come This action takes place after those given under (i), (j) and (k).
(m) had known / knew This action takes place after the actions under (k) and (l).
(n) wasn’t / hadn’t been This action also takes place after those given above.
Notes
Usually the action shown in Past Perfect Tense occurs before the action shown in Simple Past Tense occurs.
APPEARS IN
RELATED QUESTIONS
You are the grandmother. How did you feel when your granddaughter gave you the novel ‘Kashi Yatre’ ? Write your feelings in your diary.
To make your diary entry interesting, read the following information about what is a diary entry.
A diary entry is a purely personal piece of writing. The writer expresses his/her thoughts and feelings. Reactions to incidents are generally poured out in a diary. Hence expressions that are emotionally charged are used.
For example – When you are happy about something, you could start like this
8th July 20xx, Wednesday 8 pm
Today I am very happy as ………………………..
a) This is the other word for trembling
(b) This is used for smile
(c) You call a person this if he/she has pale gold coloured hair.
(d) This is a quality which relates to high energy and noise
(e) This is related to dancing or moving in a way that involves shaking your hips and shoulders
(f) This is to express a tendency to show violent and wild behaviour often causing damage
(g) We use it for a condition which is serious, uncertain and dangerous
(h) This is a state in which one is forced to stay in a closed space
(i) This is a medical condition involving bleeding in the brain
(j) It is a loud, deep shout to show anger.
(k) This is a condition when the rope or leash is stretched tightly
Given below are five qualities that Charles Hooper displayed during his struggle for survival.
Get into groups of four. Each team will choose one quality to talk about to the whole class for about one minute. But before you talk you have two minutes to think about it. You can make notes if you wish.
Answer the following question briefly.
John is a hypocrite. Do you agree with this statement? Substantiate your answer.
Irony refers to the use of words to convey a meaning that is the opposite of their literal meaning. Working in pairs bring out the irony in the following:
(a) The title of the story, “The Best Seller”.
(b) Pescud’s claim, “When people in real life marry, they generally hunt up somebody in their own station. A fellow usually picks out a girl who went to the same high school and belonged to the same singing-society that he did.”
(c) The name Trevelyan.
Here is a list of a few things. Can you tell how long each of them can live /exist?
(a) a dog
(b) an elephant
(c) a tree
(d) a human being
(e) a star
(f) a mountain
(g) a river
Answer the following questions:
The poem has many examples of alliteration. List any five examples.
Answer the following question.
Think about million little ways in which the rain embraces the trees. Mention a few of
them.
Read the following extracts and answer the questions that follow by choosing the correct options.
But the sign has been hanging on the gate for over a month now and I am beginning to
be afraid that the day I bought it was when I was the real fool.
a) Why is Juliette disappointed?
(i) she is unable to get a role of cook in the films.
(ii) her maid is leaving as she has got a role in the films.
(iii) she is unable to find a suitable buyer for her villa.
(iv) Gaston is offering a very low price for the villa.
b) Why does she call herself a fool?
(i) she has decided to sell her villa.
(ii) there are no buyers for the villa.
(iii) she had bought the villa for more than it was worth.
(iv) the villa was too close to the film studios.
Read the following extracts and answer the question that follow by choosing the correct options.
'But your parents would take possession of it, every year from the beginning of spring
until the end of September. What's more they would bring the whole tribe of your sister's
children with them.'
(a) What does Gaston mean by 'take possession'?
(i) her parents would stay with them for a long time.
(ii) Juliette's sister has many children.
(iii) Gaston does not like children.
(iv) Juliette's sister's children are badly behaved.
Imagine that you are on an uninhabited island with a group of children of your age. In groups of four, discuss and enumerate the strategies that will be adopted by you to survive. You can think on the following lines :
| food | protection against animals |
| shelter | life-skills (problem-solving, decision-making) |
| means of escape | protection against harsh weather conditions |
Discuss in groups
(a) Have you heard of the Bermuda Triangle? If so, what have you heard about it?
(b) Have you ever heard of an airplane or a boat disappearing without a trace?
(c) Can you think of an explanation for an airplane or a boat that disappeared without a trace?
The table below provides you with a list of modals that are used to express necessity and permission.
| Necessity I obligation | Permission |
|
Positive must obeying have to authority need to ought to right thing should to do |
Positive can (less formal) may (more formal)
|
|
Negative must not cannot ought not to |
Negative need not do not have to
|
Duties and privileges of an Environment Monitor.
e.g. You must ensure that the campus is clean.
Did you know?
should and ought to have similar meanings. They show obligation or duty. However there is a slight difference in meaning.
ought to has an objective meaning whereas should is more subjective.
We ought to / should save water.
We ought to save money but we are unable to. (In this sentence should will not be appropriate.).
Read an extract from the poem New Year Resolution
The priest asked "Son, any new resolution this year"
I said "Father, driving with the
helmet and in first gear",
"That's good, my son, but have you any more?"
"Sure, there are ten, but I shall keep only four".
The first will be never to wipe
the shoe behind my pant
The second will be to say without hesitation "I can't",
The third is to always keep the toothpaste cap on
It's something which I never did since I was born.
The fourth, never to look at your neighbour's hedge
It's that what has brought the envy and the wedge,
The fifth is easy and you can have a ball
Never take from Peter what you have to pay Paul.
The sixth is to hold my head high even under water
Learn simple things of life from the potter,
He moulds wonders out of his two hands
Leaving impression forever on the sands.
Try and compose a poem conveying your resolutions. Let the first stanza be the
same.
e.g.
The first will be never to yawn
in public be it noon, dusk or dawn.
The second .................. .
Study the words given in the box below and complete the police report.
|
4 January, Wednesday |
Simple passive
Present Passive: “Where are they made?”
Match the words from columns A, B, C, and D to produce factually correct sentences. Write your answer in full sentences. (Remember to make your subject and verb “agree”.)
e.g. Coffee is grown in Brazil.
| A | B | C | D |
| Oranges | produced in | Brazil. | |
| Wine | worn in | Switzerland. | |
| Maruti cars | are | eaten in | Malaysia. |
| Coffee | manufactured in | France. | |
| The most expensive watches | is | grown in | India. |
| Uranium | mined in | the Middle East. | |
| Satay | South Africa. | ||
| Deshdashes | Morocco. |
The Passive in Tentative Statements
The passive is often used in tentative statements where the writer tries to be as neutral as possible.
| considered | to | be… | ||
| It | is | said | ||
| known | to | have been… | ||
| They | are | acknowledged believed regarded as… |
8.1
Look at the box below. Write tentative statements following the pattern in the table above.
Review of passives
Look back on the exercises in this Unit. Discuss why the passive is used in each of these different circumstances.
Can you think of any other times when it is best to use the passive?
Based on the information on your completed scorecard, write a short report for the Danapur local newspaper about the Annual Athletic Meet of the school. Remember 'CODER'. Some further advice ...
• Give an interesting heading
• By line (who has written the report)
• Answer the 'WH' questions - Who? Why? When? Where?
• Overall result
• Aim of the Meet
