The police interview Chetan to get an eyewitness account of the kidnapping. In pairs conduct the interview. One of you can play the role of Chetan and tell your partner, who plays the role of the police officer, what happened when the kidnapping occurred.
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Question
Here is a news story about how crops are saved by climate-proofing them Complete it by choosing the right words from those given in the brackets.
(A) Among the most worrying aspects of climate change today (a) __________ (is/has been) the effect it (b) __________ (has had/have had) on the food supply of the world. Sctentists (c) __________ (have focussed /focus) their attention and efforts on increasing crop yield and improving crop resilience. Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa (d) __________ (have been I are) the most affected today. Their population (e) __________ (is/has been) the world’s fastest growing rice consumer. The most vulnerable agricultural systems (f) __________ (are/have been) the rain-fed uplands and lowlands that form 80% of total rice land. Until recently, scientists (g) __________ (have focussed / focussed) on improving crop yields, and in a relatively short period of time, (h) __________ (give / have given) us, higher yields. Reports warning of increased droughts and floods, (i) __________ (shift/have shifted) scientists’ attention to making crops “climate- proof”
(B). Answer the questions based on your reading of the passage above.
(a) What have been the most worrying aspects of agricultural growth?
(b) What do scientists today focus on?
(c) Where is the negative impact of climate most felt?
(d) What have the scientists focussed on so far?
(e) How has their attention shifted?
(C) Did you know
You would have used the simple present and present perfect tense in your
answer. Why?
The main use of the simple present tense is to refer to
(i) an action that takes place now.
(ii) routine action/ s.
The present perfect tense is used to refer to an action which has happened
in the past but whose effect still remains.
(e.g.) Among the most worrying aspect of climate change is the effect it has on
the world's food supply.
Climate scientists have predicted that the cultivation of rice in Asia and SubSahara
Africa has been affected severely, since 1970. But, today lack of funds
hinders research.
Answer in Brief
Fill in the Blanks
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Solution
(A) Among the most worrying aspects of climate change today (a) is the effect it (b) has had on the food supply of the world. Sctentists (c) have focused focussed their attention and efforts on increasing crop yield and improving crop resilience. Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa (d) are the most affected today. Their population (e) has been the world’s fastest growing rice consumer. The most vulnerable agricultural systems (f) are the rain-fed uplands and lowlands that form 80% of total rice land. Until recently, scientists (g) have focused on improving crop yields, and in a relatively short period of time, (h) have given us, higher yields. Reports warning of increased droughts and floods, (i) have shifted scientists’ attention to making crops “climate- proof”
(B) (a) The most worrying aspects of agricultural growth have been the effects on the food supply of the world.
(b) Scientists today focus on their efforts to increase the crop yield.
(c) The negative impact of climate most felt has been on the agricultural systems of the rain-fed uplands and lowlands (in Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa).
(d) The scientists have so far focussed on improving crop yields.
(e) Their attention has shifted to make crops ‘climate-proof.
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Writing and Grammar
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RELATED QUESTIONS
Now that you have enjoyed reading the story, answer the following question by choosing the correct option.
The grandmother could relate to the central character of the story 'Kashi Yatre' as __________.
Here is a story about Swami and his grandmother. After reading the excerpt, change it into a conversation between Swami and his Grandmother.
After the night meal with his head on his granny’s lap, nestling close to her, Swaminathan felt very snug and safe in the faint atmosphere of cardamom and cloves. ‘Oh, Granny !’ he cried ecstatically. ‘You don’t know what a great fellow Rajam is.’ He told her the story of the first enmity between Rajam and Mani and the subsequent friendship.
‘You know, he has a real police dress,’ said Swaminathan. ‘Is it? What does he want a police dress for?’ asked Granny.
‘His father is the Police Superintendent. He is the master of every policeman here.’ Granny was impressed. She said that it must be a tremendous office indeed. She then recounted the days when her husband, Swaminathan’s grandfather, was a powerful sub-magistrate, in which office he made the police force tremble before him and the fiercest dacoits of the place flee. Swaminathan waited impatiently for her to finish the story. But she went on, rambled, confused, mixed up various incidents that took place at different times. ‘That will do, Granny,’ he said ungraciously. ‘Let me tell you something about Rajam. Do you know how many marks he gets in arithmetic?’
‘He gets all the marks, does he, child?’ asked Granny.
‘No silly. He gets ninety marks out of one hundred.’
‘Good. But you must also try and get marks like him…. You know, Swami, your grandfather used to frighten the examiners with his answers sometimes. When he answered a question, he did it in a tenth of the time that others took to do it. And then, his answers would be so powerful that his teachers would give him two hundred marks sometimes.
‘Oh, enough, Granny ! You go on bothering about old unnecessary stories. Won’t you listen to Rajam?’
‘Yes, dear, yes.’
‘Granny, when Rajam was a small boy, he killed a tiger.’
Swaminathan started the story enthusiastically : Rajam’s father was camping in a forest. He had his son with him. Two tigers came upon them suddenly, one knocking down the father from behind. The other began chasing Rajam, who took shelter behind a bush and shot it dead with his gun.
‘Granny, are you asleep?’ Swaminathan asked at the end of the story.
Now read the dialogue and complete the conversation:
Swarni: You don’t know what a great fellow Raj am is! In the beginning I could not get along with him but now he is my good friend. And you know, he has a real police dress.
Grandmother: Is it? What does he want a police dress for?
Swarni: His father is the Police Superintendent. He is the master of every policeman here.
Grandmother: I think, it must be a tremendous office. Do you know, your grandfather was a powerful submagistrate and the Police Force trembled before him? Even the fiercest dacoits of the place fled.
Swarni: That will do, Granny. It’s so boring. Let me tell you something about Raj am. Do you know how many marks he gets in arithmetic?
Grandmother: He gets all the marks, doesn’t he, child?
Many people are of the opinion that violent, physical sports such as boxing, kick boxing and wrestling, to name a few should be banned while others think otherwise. Express your opinion on the topic by either writing in favour of banning these sports or against banning them. While writing, you should also include the rebuttal to your questions. Try not to go beyond 200 words.
Answer the following question briefly.
Who was the passenger of chair No. 9? What did he suddenly do?
Answer the following questions:
Name the different things that can be found floating in the brook.
c
I chatter, chatter, as I flow
To join the brimming river,
For men may come and men may go,
But I go on for ever
(a) Who does ‘I’ refer to in the given lines?
(b) How does it ‘chatter’?
(c) Why has the poet used the word ‘brimming’? What kind of a picture does it create?
(d) Explain the last two lines of the stanza.
Answer the following question briefly.
The poet says “I took the one less travelled by, And that has made all the difference.” What is ‘the difference’ that the poet mentions?
'Ode to Autumn' is a beautiful poem written by the famous poet John Keats.
Your teacher will read an excerpt from the poem. Pick phrases
which personify autumn.
Phrases
________________________ ______________________________
________________________ ______________________________
________________________ ______________________________
________________________ ______________________________
Ode to Autumn
John Keats
Season of mists and mellow fruitfulness!
Close bosom-friend of the maturing sun;
Conspiring with him how to load and bless
With fruit the vines that round the thatch-eaves run;
To bend with apples the mossed cottage-trees,
And fill all fruit with ripeness to the core;
To swell the gourd, and plump the hazel shells
With a sweet kernel; to set budding more,
And still more, later flowers for the bees,
Until they think warm days will never cease,
For Summer has o'erbrimmed their clammy cells.
Who hath not seen thee oft amid thy store?
Sometimes whoever seeks abroad may find
Thee sitting careless on a granary floor,
Thy hair soft-lifted by the winnowing wind;
Or on a half-reaped furrow sound asleep,
Drowsed with the fume of poppies, while thy hook
Spares the next swath and all its twined flowers;
And sometimes like a gleaner thou dost keep
Answer the following question briefly.
Do you think the punishment given to the convict was justified? Why/ Why not?
Why is the convict eager to reach Paris?
Read the following extract and answer the questions that follow by choosing the
correct options.
She sent little Jean to Monseigneur to ask for help.
(a) Who sent little Jean to the Bishop?
(i) Mere Gringoire
(ii) Marie
(iii) Persome
(iv) Marie's mother
(b) Why did she send Jean to the Bishop?
(i) so that he could pray for her.
(ii) as she knew that he was a generous person.
(iii) as she was a greedy woman.
(iv) as she was a poor woman.
The convict is the product of the society he had lived in, both, in terms of the
suffering that led him to steal a loaf of bread, as well as the painful sentence he
received as a punishment for his "crime". He was imprisoned for stealing money
to buy food for his sick wife. This filled him with despair, hopelessness,
bitterness and anger at the injustice of it all.
Conduct a debate in the class (in groups) on the following topic. Instructions for
conducting a debate and use of appropriate language are given in the unit “Children” of
the Main Course Book.
'Criminals are wicked and deserve punishment'
Past Continuous
A young girl was kidnapped from the main street of Srutipur at 3 o’clock yesterday afternoon. Chetan was there at that time.
Imagine that you are conducting a research on the conservation of a few animal species in India. You have been asked by the Wildlife Trust of India to prepare a report on the future of the YAK that lives in the Ladakh region of the Himalayan mountains . In groups of four, discuss the issue and make notes for your report. Refer to the Question 2 and the information in the box given here.
| DOMESTIC YAK |
| herd animals 2-2.2 m tall |
| used in sports |
| kept for milk , fur , fibre , meat , drawing ploughs etc |
| WILD YAK |
| length:3-3. 4m |
|
habitat: treeless uplands
|
| killed for food |
| insulated from cold by dense, close matted under hair , shaggy outer hair |
| hunted for similar reasons as the domestic ones |
Within your group, discuss
• What is the problem? How has it arisen?
• What is the best way to preserve these species?
• Why do we need to preserve these species?
• What values need to be inculcated in the hearts of human beings? Why?
• What actions would you recommend to the World Wildlife Federation?
• How is global warming affecting these species?
(a) Answer the following questions:
- Where were the characters at the time of narration?
- Who was travelling with the aunt?
- How did the children pass their time?
- How long would they take to reach Templecombe?
- How does the aunt respond to the children’s antics? Why do you say so?
(b) You must have used a variety of articles in your answer. Why did you use them? Discuss the reasons with your teacher.
Study the following pair of sentences from the description. Notice the use of
articles-a, an or the or no article (X).
e.g. The next stop was at X Templecombe.
An aunt belonging to the children sat in one corner.
In the corner sat a stranger.
Hence we conclude
1. No article is used before a proper noun.
2. 'The' is used to refer to a specific place/person/ object.
3. 'A' is used when the person/place is referred to for the first time.
4. 'An' is used before a vowel sound.
An astronaut is speaking to the Mission Control from her capsule, describing geographical features she can see on Earth. Decide which features she is talking about. Fill in the gaps in the astronaut’s description below. Use the names given in the box with the correct determiners (a, an, the). (The first two have been done for you):
“There is very little cloud cover at
- The moment. I can see India right below me.
- The Andaman and Nicobar Islands are clearly visible, and of course there is
- ______ to the south. I can see where
- ______ flows into
- ______ A little higher are the glistening snows of
- _______but I can’t see
- _______itself. I can just make out
- _______ to the west. I’m passing over
- _______ right now. To the north, I can just see
- _______in the centre of the vast expanse of
- _______ In the far north, the ice of
- _______ is clearly visible.”
In pairs, match A and B to produce likely phrases.
| A | B |
| A(n)
Some A pair of A piece of |
horse |
There is sometimes more than one sensible combination as in the example.
Carbon Footprint - Project Work
A carbon footprint is a representation of the effect human activities have on the climate in terms of the total amount of greenhouse gases produced (measured in units of carbon dioxide). So, it is a measure of the impact we make individually on the earth; by the choices we make regarding our lifestyle. Many activities generate carbon emissions, which contribute towards accelerating global warming and climate change.
Total carbon footprint/ emission quantification would include energy emissions from human activities - such as, from heat, light, power and refrigeration and all transport related emissions from cars, freight and distribution.
By measuring the carbon footprint through such tools as carbon calculators, we can get a better sense of what the individual impact is and which parts of our lifestyle deserve strict regulation.
In groups, choose and research any one aspect of how we are leaving carbon footprints and how can we modify our lifestyle. Each group will then make a project on the various aspects.
Rearrange the following to form meaningful sentences. The first one has been done as an example. Write the answers against the correct numbers.
Put into / as the / at low / baby can / he is / as soon / water / toddle / tide
As soon as the baby can toddle he is put into water at low tide.
(a) water / the baby / in the/ there / plays/ sits and
(b) long enough / the mother / him/ does not / to worry / there / leave him
(c) older / at low tide / as / wade about / allowed to / he is / he grows
(d) look out / water / keep a / into deep / sharp / does not stray / so that he/ his elders
(e) permitted to / from which / judgment / he may / make small mistakes / he is / learn to make better
(f) are given / to swim / small canoes / the children / they / own / are able/ of their / when
Discuss in groups
(a) Have you heard of the Bermuda Triangle? If so, what have you heard about it?
(b) Have you ever heard of an airplane or a boat disappearing without a trace?
(c) Can you think of an explanation for an airplane or a boat that disappeared without a trace?
Group the prepositions in the box below to indicate their use as prepositions of place (P), movement (M) or time (T). There may be more than one category for each.
| between ________ along ________ since ________ up ________ among ________ in front of ________ after ________ |
past ________ on ________ behind ________ round ________ for ________ across ________ through ________ |
before ________ until ________ beside ________ out of ________ at ________ under ________ during ________ |
