Advertisements
Advertisements
Question
Explain the solubility rule “like dissolves like” in terms of intermolecular forces that exist in solutions.
Advertisements
Solution
A substance dissolves in a solvent if the inter-molecular interactions are similar in both the components. For example, polar solutes dissolve in polar solvents and non-polar solutes in non-polar solvents. Thus, we can say “like dissolves like”.
APPEARS IN
RELATED QUESTIONS
What is the effect of temperature on solubility of a gas in a liquid?
Explain, why do aquatic animals prefer to stay at lower level of water during summer?
Why do gases always tend to be less soluble in liquids as the temperature is raised?
H2S, a toxic gas with rotten egg like smell, is used for the qualitative analysis. If the solubility of H2S in water at STP is 0.195 m, calculate Henry’s law constant.
Based on solute-solvent interactions, arrange the following in order of increasing solubility in n-octane and explain.
Cyclohexane, KCl, CH3OH, CH3CN
Identify that the following compound is insoluble, partially soluble or highly soluble in water:
pentanol
Henry’s law constant for the molality of methane in benzene at 298 K is 4.27 × 105 mm Hg. Calculate the solubility of methane in benzene at 298 K under 760 mm Hg.
The air is a mixture of a number of gases. The major components are oxygen and nitrogen with approximate proportion of 20% is to 79% by volume at 298 K. The water is in equilibrium with air at a pressure of 10 atm. At 298 K if the Henry’s law constants for oxygen and nitrogen are 3.30 × 107 mm and 6.51 × 107 mm respectively, calculate the composition of these gases in water.
Which mixture is used for respiration by deep sea divers?
(A) He + O2
(B) Ne + O2
(C) Ar + O2
(D) Kr + O2
Give reasons for the following :
Aquatic animals are more comfortable in the cold water than in warm water.
Which of the following factor(s) affect the solubility of a gaseous solute in the fixed volume of liquid solvent?
(a) nature of solute
(b) temperature
(c) pressure
(i) (a) and (c) at constant T
(ii) (a) and (b) at constant P
(iii) (b) and (c) only
(iv) (c) only
KH value for \[\ce{Ar(g)}\], \[\ce{CO2(g)}\], \[\ce{HCHO (g)}\] and \[\ce{CH4(g)}\] are 40.39, 1.67, 1.83 × 10–5 and 0.413 respectively. Arrange these gases in the order of their increasing solubility.
State Henry’s law and explain why are the tanks used by scuba divers filled with air diluted with helium (11.7% helium, 56.2% nitrogen and 32.1% oxygen)?
Assume that argon exerts a partial pressure of 6 bar. Calculate the solubility of argon gas in water. (Given Henry’s law constant for argon dissolved in water, KH = 40 k bar)
If O2 gas is bubbled through water at 303 K, the number of millimoles of O2 gas that dissolve in 1 litre of water is ______. (Nearest integer)
(Given: Henry's Law constant for O2 at 303 K is 46.82 k bar and partial pressure of O2 = 0.920 bar)
(Assume solubility of O2 in water is too small, nearly negligible)
Henry's constant (in k bar) for four gases α, β, γ and δ in water at 298 K is given below:
| α | β | γ | δ | |
| KH | 50 | 2 | 2 × 10-5 | 0.5 |
(density of water = 103 kg m-3 at 298 K)
This table implies that:
In which of the following solvents, the \[\ce{C4H8NH3+X–}\] is soluble?
Write the two applications of Henry’s law.
Identify that the following compound is insoluble, partially soluble and highly soluble in water.
Toluene
