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Question
Based on solute-solvent interactions, arrange the following in order of increasing solubility in n-octane and explain.
Cyclohexane, KCl, CH3OH, CH3CN
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Solution
The n-octane is a nonpolar solvent. Therefore, the solubility of a non-polar solute is greater than that of a polar solute in n-octane.
The order of increasing polarity is:
Cyclohexane < CH3CN < CH3OH < KCl
Therefore, the order of increasing solubility is:
KCl < CH3OH < CH3CN < Cyclohexane
The following explanation applies to this:
Since both cyclohexane and n-octane are nonpolar, they are fully soluble in each other. Due to its ionic nature, KCl is the least soluble (nearly insoluble) in n-octane. Although CH3CN is less polar than CH3OH, both CH3CN and CH3OH are polar in nature. Therefore, CH3CN will be more soluble than CH3OH in the non-polar solvent n-octane.
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