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Question
Explain [Co(NH3)6]3+ is an inner orbital complex, whereas [Ni(NH3)6]2+ is an outer orbital complex.
[At. No.: Co = 27, Ni = 28]
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Solution
[Co(NH3)6]3+ is an inner orbital complex.
Co = [Ar]3d7 4s2 (os of Co = 3+)
Co3+ = [Ar] 3d 4s0
The electronic configuration of Co3+ is:
In this instance, ammonia functions as a potent field ligand due to the +3 oxidation state of cobalt, with six pairs of electrons from the ammonia molecule occupying the six hybrid orbitals.
Thus, forming a d2sp3 hybridisation. Here, the 3d orbital is involved in hybridisation, so it is called an inner-orbital complex or a low-spin complex. In [Ni(NH3)c]2+, the electronic configuration of Ni is [Ar] 3d4s2.
Ammonia in this case acts as a weak-field ligand due to the +2 oxidation state of Ni.
It undergoes sp3d2 hybridisation. As the outer d-orbitals are involved, it is an outer-orbital complex.
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