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Question
Distinguish between Electrophile and nucleophile.
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Solution
| No. | Electrophile | Nucleophile |
| 1. | An electrophile is an electron-deficient species. | A nucleophile is an electron-rich species. |
| 2. | It is attracted towards negative charges (electron seeking). | It is attracted towards a positive charge (nucleus seeking). |
| 3. | It attacks a nucleophilic center in the substrate and brings about an electrophilic reaction | It attacks the electrophilic center in the substrate and brings about a nucleophilic reaction. |
| 4. | It is an electron pair acceptor. (Lewis acid) | It is an electron-pair donor. (Lewis base) |
| 5. | It can be a positively charged ion or a neutral species having a vacant orbital. | It can be negatively charged ion or neutral species having at least one lone pair of electrons |
| 6. | e.g. H+, Br+,\[\ce{NO^+_2}\], BF3, AlCl3, etc. | e.g. OH-, Cl-, CN-, etc. |
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