English

A Salesman Has the Following Record of Sales During Three Months for Three Items A, B And C Which Have Different Rates of Commission - Mathematics

Advertisements
Advertisements

Question

A salesman has the following record of sales during three months for three items A, B and C which have different rates of commission 

Month Sale of units Total commission
drawn (in Rs)
  A B C  
Jan 90 100 20 800
Feb 130 50 40 900
March 60 100 30 850


Find out the rates of commission on items A, B and C by using determinant method.

Advertisements

Solution

Let x, y and z be the rates of commission on items A, B and C respectively. Based on the given data, we get

\[90x + 100y + 20z = 800\] 
\[130x + 50y + 40z = 900\] 
\[60x + 100y + 30z = 850\]
Dividing all the equations by 10 on both sides, we get
\[9x + 10y + 2z = 80\] 
\[13x + 5y + 4z = 90\] 
\[6x + 10y + 3z = 85\]
\[D = \begin{vmatrix}9 & 10 & 2 \\ 13 & 5 & 4 \\ 6 & 10 & 3\end{vmatrix} \left[\text{ Expressing the equation as a determinant }\right]\] 
\[ = 9(15 - 40) - 10(39 - 24) + 2(130 - 30)\] 
\[ = 9( - 25) - 10(15) + 2(100)\] 
\[ = - 175\] 
\[ D_1 = \begin{vmatrix}80 & 10 & 2 \\ 90 & 5 & 4 \\ 85 & 10 & 3\end{vmatrix}\] 
\[ = 80(15 - 40) - 10(270 - 340) + 2(900 - 425)\] 
\[ = 80( - 25) - 10( - 70) + 2(475)\] 
\[ = - 350\] 
\[ D_2 = \begin{vmatrix}9 & 80 & 2 \\ 13 & 90 & 4 \\ 6 & 85 & 3\end{vmatrix}\] 
\[ = 9(270 - 340) - 80(39 - 24) + 2(1105 - 540)\] 
\[ = 9( - 70) - 80(15) + 2(565)\] 
\[ = - 700\] 
\[ D_3 = \begin{vmatrix}9 & 10 & 80 \\ 13 & 5 & 90 \\ 6 & 10 & 85\end{vmatrix}\] 
\[ = 9(425 - 900) - 10(1105 - 540) + 80(130 - 30)\] 
\[ = 9( - 475) - 10(565) + 80(100)\] 
\[ = - 1925\] 
Thus, 
\[x = \frac{D_1}{D} = \frac{- 350}{- 175} = 2\] 
\[y = \frac{D_2}{D} = \frac{- 700}{- 175} = 4\] 
\[z = \frac{D_3}{D} = \frac{- 1925}{- 175} = 11\]
Therefore, the rates of commission on items A, B and C are 2, 4 and 11, respectively.

shaalaa.com
  Is there an error in this question or solution?
Chapter 6: Determinants - Exercise 6.4 [Page 85]

APPEARS IN

RD Sharma Mathematics [English] Class 12
Chapter 6 Determinants
Exercise 6.4 | Q 31 | Page 85

RELATED QUESTIONS

Examine the consistency of the system of equations.

3x − y − 2z = 2

2y − z = −1

3x − 5y = 3


Solve the system of linear equations using the matrix method.

2x – y = –2

3x + 4y = 3


\[∆ = \begin{vmatrix}\cos \alpha \cos \beta & \cos \alpha \sin \beta & - \sin \alpha \\ - \sin \beta & \cos \beta & 0 \\ \sin \alpha \cos \beta & \sin \alpha \sin \beta & \cos \alpha\end{vmatrix}\]


Without expanding, show that the value of the following determinant is zero:

\[\begin{vmatrix}6 & - 3 & 2 \\ 2 & - 1 & 2 \\ - 10 & 5 & 2\end{vmatrix}\]


Without expanding, show that the value of the following determinant is zero:

\[\begin{vmatrix}1/a & a^2 & bc \\ 1/b & b^2 & ac \\ 1/c & c^2 & ab\end{vmatrix}\]


Evaluate the following:

\[\begin{vmatrix}a + x & y & z \\ x & a + y & z \\ x & y & a + z\end{vmatrix}\]


\[\begin{vmatrix}- a \left( b^2 + c^2 - a^2 \right) & 2 b^3 & 2 c^3 \\ 2 a^3 & - b \left( c^2 + a^2 - b^2 \right) & 2 c^3 \\ 2 a^3 & 2 b^3 & - c \left( a^2 + b^2 - c^2 \right)\end{vmatrix} = abc \left( a^2 + b^2 + c^2 \right)^3\]


Prove the following identity:

\[\begin{vmatrix}a + x & y & z \\ x & a + y & z \\ x & y & a + z\end{vmatrix} = a^2 \left( a + x + y + z \right)\]

 


Without expanding, prove that

\[\begin{vmatrix}a & b & c \\ x & y & z \\ p & q & r\end{vmatrix} = \begin{vmatrix}x & y & z \\ p & q & r \\ a & b & c\end{vmatrix} = \begin{vmatrix}y & b & q \\ x & a & p \\ z & c & r\end{vmatrix}\]


Show that
`|(x-3,x-4,x-alpha),(x-2,x-3,x-beta),(x-1,x-2,x-gamma)|=0`, where α, β, γ are in A.P.

 


If a, b, c are real numbers such that
\[\begin{vmatrix}b + c & c + a & a + b \\ c + a & a + b & b + c \\ a + b & b + c & c + a\end{vmatrix} = 0\] , then show that either
\[a + b + c = 0 \text{ or, } a = b = c\]


Using determinants show that the following points are collinear:

(3, −2), (8, 8) and (5, 2)


Using determinants show that the following points are collinear:

(2, 3), (−1, −2) and (5, 8)


Using determinants, find the equation of the line joining the points

(1, 2) and (3, 6)


Prove that :

\[\begin{vmatrix}a - b - c & 2a & 2a \\ 2b & b - c - a & 2b \\ 2c & 2c & c - a - b\end{vmatrix} = \left( a + b + c \right)^3\]

 


2x − y = 17
3x + 5y = 6


9x + 5y = 10
3y − 2x = 8


Solve each of the following system of homogeneous linear equations.
3x + y + z = 0
x − 4y + 3z = 0
2x + 5y − 2z = 0


If \[A = \begin{bmatrix}0 & i \\ i & 1\end{bmatrix}\text{  and }B = \begin{bmatrix}0 & 1 \\ 1 & 0\end{bmatrix}\] , find the value of |A| + |B|.


Write the value of 

\[\begin{vmatrix}\sin 20^\circ & - \cos 20^\circ\\ \sin 70^\circ& \cos 70^\circ\end{vmatrix}\]

If the matrix \[\begin{bmatrix}5x & 2 \\ - 10 & 1\end{bmatrix}\]  is singular, find the value of x.


Find the value of the determinant \[\begin{vmatrix}2^2 & 2^3 & 2^4 \\ 2^3 & 2^4 & 2^5 \\ 2^4 & 2^5 & 2^6\end{vmatrix}\].


If A and B are non-singular matrices of the same order, write whether AB is singular or non-singular.


If \[\begin{vmatrix}2x & x + 3 \\ 2\left( x + 1 \right) & x + 1\end{vmatrix} = \begin{vmatrix}1 & 5 \\ 3 & 3\end{vmatrix}\], then write the value of x.

 

 


If \[\begin{vmatrix}x & \sin \theta & \cos \theta \\ - \sin \theta & - x & 1 \\ \cos \theta & 1 & x\end{vmatrix} = 8\] , write the value of x.


Using the factor theorem it is found that a + bb + c and c + a are three factors of the determinant 

\[\begin{vmatrix}- 2a & a + b & a + c \\ b + a & - 2b & b + c \\ c + a & c + b & - 2c\end{vmatrix}\]
The other factor in the value of the determinant is


If \[x, y \in \mathbb{R}\], then the determinant 

\[∆ = \begin{vmatrix}\cos x & - \sin x  & 1 \\ \sin x & \cos x & 1 \\ \cos\left( x + y \right) & - \sin\left( x + y \right) & 0\end{vmatrix}\]



Solve the following system of equations by matrix method:
x − y + 2z = 7
3x + 4y − 5z = −5
2x − y + 3z = 12


Show that each one of the following systems of linear equation is inconsistent:
3x − y − 2z = 2
2y − z = −1
3x − 5y = 3


2x − y + z = 0
3x + 2y − z = 0
x + 4y + 3z = 0


The existence of the unique solution of the system of equations:
x + y + z = λ
5x − y + µz = 10
2x + 3y − z = 6
depends on


The system of equations:
x + y + z = 5
x + 2y + 3z = 9
x + 3y + λz = µ
has a unique solution, if
(a) λ = 5, µ = 13
(b) λ ≠ 5
(c) λ = 5, µ ≠ 13
(d) µ ≠ 13


Solve the following equations by using inversion method.

x + y + z = −1, x − y + z = 2 and x + y − z = 3


Show that if the determinant ∆ = `|(3, -2, sin3theta),(-7, 8, cos2theta),(-11, 14, 2)|` = 0, then sinθ = 0 or `1/2`.


If `|(2x, 5),(8, x)| = |(6, -2),(7, 3)|`, then value of x is ______.


What is the nature of the given system of equations

`{:(x + 2y = 2),(2x + 3y = 3):}`


If `|(x + a, beta, y),(a, x + beta, y),(a, beta, x + y)|` = 0, then 'x' is equal to


If a, b, c are non-zero real numbers and if the system of equations (a – 1)x = y + z, (b – 1)y = z + x, (c – 1)z = x + y, has a non-trivial solution, then ab + bc + ca equals ______.


Using the matrix method, solve the following system of linear equations:

`2/x + 3/y + 10/z` = 4, `4/x - 6/y + 5/z` = 1, `6/x + 9/y - 20/z` = 2.


Share
Notifications

Englishहिंदीमराठी


      Forgot password?
Use app×