S.P. Singh solutions for कन्साइस केमिस्ट्री [इंग्रजी] इयत्ता १० आयसीएसई chapter 4 - Analytical Chemistry [Latest edition]

What do you understand by the following:

Analysis

What do you understand by the following:

Qualitative analysis

What do you understand by the following:

Reagent

What do you understand by the following:

Precipitation

Write the probable colour of the following salt:

Iron (III) chloride

Write the probable colour of the following salt:

Potassium nitrate

Write the probable colour of the following salt:

Ferrous sulphate

Write the probable colour of the following salt:

Aluminium acetate

Name the probable cation present based on the following observation:

White precipitate insoluble in NH₄OH but soluble in NaOH.

Name the probable cation present based on the following observation:

Blue coloured solution.

Name the metal hydroxides which are insoluble in caustic soda solution.

Name the metal hydroxides which are insoluble in ammonium hydroxide solution.

Name the metal hydroxides which are soluble in caustic soda solution.

Name the metal hydroxides which are soluble in ammonium hydroxide solution.

What do you observe when ammonium salt is heated with caustic soda solution?

Write the word equation when ammonium salt is heated with caustic soda solution.

How will you distinguish NH₄OH solution from NaOH solution?

Why the alkali is added drop by drop to the salt solution?

Write balanced equation reaction of sodium hydroxide solution with iron (III) chloride solution.

Write balanced equation copper sulphate solution with ammonium hydroxide solution.

Colour of an aqueous solution of copper sulphate is ______.

Colour of the precipitate formed on adding NaOH solution to iron (II) sulphate solution is ______.

A metal which produces hydrogen on reacting with alkali as well as with acid.

The salt solution which does not react with ammonium hydroxide is ______.

Which of the following is the best reagent to distinguish between ethylene and acetylene?

P Bromine water

Q Ammoniacal silver nitrate solution

R Acidified potassium dichromate solution

A student takes Cu, Al, Fe and Zn strips, separately in four test tubes labeled as I, II, III and IV respectively. He adds 10 ml of freshly prepared ferrous sulphate solution to each test tube and observes the colour of the metal residue in each case.

He would observe a black residue in the test tubes:

Assertion (A): Calcium salt solution does not show any change even after adding an excess of ammonia solution to it.

Reason (R): The low concentration of hydroxide ion in ammonium hydroxide solution which are unable to precipitate the hydroxide ions of calcium.

Assertion (A): Iron (II) salt solution when reacted with ammonium hydroxide forms a dirty green precipitate.

Reason (R): Iron salts are brown in colour.

Assertion (A): Hydrogen gas is liberated when metals like Zn, Al, Pb react with caustic alkalies.

Reason (R): Alkalies are soluble in water.

Assertion (A): Oxides of most of the metals are basic in nature.

Reason (R): All metal oxides dissolve in water forming alkalies.

Assertion (A): Zinc oxide reacts with acids as well as bases to form salt and water.

Reason (R): Zinc oxide is amphoteric in nature.

______ is a white precipate soluble in excess of NH₄OH.

Addition of sodium hydroxide solution to ferrous sulphate solution produces a ______ (green/reddish brown) precipitate which is ______ (soluble/insoluble) in excess of NaOH solution.

Ammonium chloride and sodium chloride can be distinguished by heating them with an ______ (acid/alkali).

Element ______ (Fe/Zn/Cu) produces hydrogen by reacting with both acid as well as alkali.

Match the following:

Sodium hydroxide/Ammonium hydroxide solution is added to the solutions containing the ions mentioned in column 1. Match them to the colours of their precipitates in column 2.

Name two coloured metal ions.

Name a metal that evolves a gas which burns with a pop sound when boiled with alkali solutions.

Name two bases which are not alkalis but dissolves in strong alkalis.

Name a coloured metallic oxide which dissolves in alkalis to yield colourless solutions.

Name a colourless cation not a representative element.

Name a yellow monoxide that dissolves in hot and concentrated caustic alkali.

Name a white, insoluble oxide that dissolves when fused with caustic soda or caustic potash.

Write the probable colour of the following salt:

Ferrous salts

Write the probable colour of the following salt:

Ammonium salts

Write the probable colour of the following salt:

Cupric salts

Write the probable colour of the following salt:

Calcium salts

Write the probable colour of the following salt:

Aluminium Salts

Name the chloride of a metal which is soluble in excess of ammonium hydroxide. Write equation for the same.

What happens when ammonia solution is added first dropwise and then in excess to the following solution:

CuSO₄

Write a balanced equation for this reaction.

What happens when ammonia solution is added first dropwise and then in excess to the following solution:

ZnSO₄

Write a balanced equation for this reaction.

What happens when ammonia solution is added first dropwise and then in excess to the following solution:

FeCl₃

Write a balanced equation for this reaction.

What do you observe when caustic soda solution is added to the following solution, first a little and then in excess:

FeCl₃ 

Write a balanced equation for this reaction.

What do you observe when caustic soda solution is added to the following solution, first a little and then in excess:

ZnSO₄

Write a balanced equation for this reaction.

What do you observe when caustic soda solution is added to the following solution, first a little and then in excess:

Pb(NO₃)₂

Write balanced equation for this reaction.

What do you observe when caustic soda solution is added to the following solution: first a little and then in excess:

CuSO₄

Write a balanced equation for this reaction.

What do you observe when freshly precipitated aluminium hydroxide reacts with caustic soda solution? Give a balanced equation.

What is observed when hot, concentrated caustic soda solution is added to zinc? Write a balanced equation.

What is observed when hot, concentrated caustic soda solution is added to aluminium? Write a balanced equation.

A student was asked to perform an experiment in the laboratory based on the instructions given:

Observe the picture given below and state one observation for the experiment you would notice on mixing the given solution.

A student was asked to perform an experiment in the laboratory based on the instructions given:

Observe the picture given below and state one observation for the experiment you would notice on mixing the given solution.

You are provided with two reagent bottles marked A and B. One of which contains NH₄OH solution and the other contains NaOH solution. How will you identify them by a chemical test?

Write a balanced equation for the following conversion:

\[\ce{ZnSO4 ->[A]Zn(OH)2->[B]Na2ZnO2}\]

Write a balanced equation for the following conversion:

\[\ce{CuSO4 ->[A]Cu(OH)2 ->[B] [Cu(NH3)4]SO4}\]

What do you understand by amphoteric oxide?

Give the balanced equations for the reaction with two different amphoteric oxides with a caustic alkali.

Name the products formed when the reaction with two different amphoteric oxides with a caustic alkali.

On adding dilute ammonia solution to a colourless solution of a salt, a white gelatinous precipitate appears. This precipitate however dissolves on addition of excess of ammonia solution.

1. From the following list, identify which metal salt solution is used above?
   Na, Al, Zn, Pb, Fe
2. What is the formula of the white gelatinous precipitate obtained?
3. Give the balanced equation(s) when sulphate of this metal reacts with ammonia solution in excess.

Distinguish by adding:

Sodium hydroxide solution or ammonium hydroxide solution to ferrous salt solution and lead salt solution

Distinguish by adding:

Sodium hydroxide solution and ammonium hydroxide solution to lead nitrate solution and zinc nitrate solution.

Distinguish by adding:

Sodium hydroxide solution and ammonium hydroxide solution to copper salt solution and ferrous salt solution.

Distinguish by adding:

Sodium hydroxide solution and ammonium hydroxide solution to Fe(II) salt solution and Fe(III) salt solution.

Distinguish by adding:

Sodium hydroxide solution and ammonium hydroxide solution to ferrous nitrate and lead nitrate.