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Two polaroids P1 and P2 are placed with their pass axes perpendicular to each other. Unpolarised light of intensity I0 is incident on P1. A third polaroid P3 is kept in between P1 and P2 such that its pass axis makes an angle of 60° with that of P1. Determine the intensity of light transmitted through P1, P2 and P3.
Concept: Polarisation
A plane wavefront propagating in a medium of refractive index 'μ1' is incident on a plane surface making the angle of incidence 'i' as shown in the figure. It enters into a medium of refractive index 'μ2' (μ2 > μ1). Use Huygens' construction of secondary wavelets to trace the propagation of the refracted wavefront. Hence verify Snell's law of refraction.
Concept: Reflection and Refraction of Plane Wave at Plane Surface Using Huygens' Principle >> Refraction of a Plane Wave
Two monochromatic beams, one red and the other blue, have the same intensity. In which case (i) the number of photons per unit area per second is larger, (ii) the maximum kinetic energy of the photoelectrons is more? Justify your answer.
Concept: Photoelectric Effect - Hertz’s Observations
How does one explain, using de Broglie hypothesis, Bohr's second postulate of quantization of orbital angular momentum?
Concept: De Broglie’s Explanation of Bohr’s Second Postulate of Quantisation
The equivalent wavelength of a moving electron has the same value as that of a photon of energy 6 × 10–17 J. Calculate the momentum of the electron.
Concept: Heisenberg and De Broglie Hypothesis
Obtain the relation between the decay constant and half life of a radioactive sample.
Concept: Law of Radioactive Decay
Draw a plot of potential energy of a pair of nucleons as a function of their separations. Mark the regions where the nuclear force is (i) attractive and (ii) repulsive.
Concept: Nuclear Force
Write any two characteristic features of nuclear forces?
Concept: Atomic Mass, Mass - Energy Relation and Mass Defect
For a CE-transistor amplifier, the audio signal voltage across the collector resistance of 2 kΩ is 2 V. Suppose the current amplification factor of the transistor is 100, find the input signal voltage and base current if the base resistance is 1 kΩ.
Concept: Junction Transistor >> Transistor as an Amplifier (Ce-configuration)
Explain with the help of a diagram, how depletion region and potential barrier are formed in a junction diode.
Concept: Special Purpose P-n Junction Diodes
Draw the circuit diagram of a half wave rectifier and explain its working.
Concept: Application of Junction Diode as a Rectifier
Describe briefly, with the help of a diagram, the role of the two important processes involved in the formation of a p-n junction.
Concept: Special Purpose P-n Junction Diodes
Draw the circuit diagram of a full wave rectifier.
Concept: Application of Junction Diode as a Rectifier
Describe the following term briefly:
minority carrier injection in forward biasing.
Concept: Semiconductor Diode
Describe the following term briefly:
breakdown voltage in reverse biasing
Concept: Semiconductor Diode
Write the functions of the following in communication systems:
Transmitter
Concept: Basic Terminology Used in Electronic Communication Systems
Write the functions of the following in communication systems:
Receiver
Concept: Basic Terminology Used in Electronic Communication Systems
Why did the people of China not receive the benefits of the reforms when its economy had improved dramatically? Explain giving any two reasons.
Concept: The Rise of the Chinese Economy
Explain India’s stand on environmental issues.
Concept: India's Stand on Environmental Issues
