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प्रश्न
Name the factors responsible for the solubility of alcohols in water.
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उत्तर
Alcohols are soluble in water because of hydrogen bonding with water molecules.
\[\begin{array}{cc}
\phantom{}\ce{R - O - H ⋅⋅⋅ O - H ⋅⋅⋅ O - H ⋅⋅⋅ }\phantom{}\\
\phantom{.......}|\phantom{..........}|\phantom{.}\\
\phantom{.......}\ce{H}\phantom{.........}\ce{R}\phantom{.}
\end{array}\]
The solubility decreases with increase in size of alkyl or aryl group.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Give the equation of the following reaction:
Oxidation of propan-1-ol with alkaline KMnO4 solution.
Name the reagent used in the following reaction:
Benzyl alcohol to benzoic acid.
When 3-methylbutan-2-ol is treated with HBr, the following reaction takes place:
\[\begin{array}{cc}
\phantom{...................................}\ce{Br}\\
\phantom{..................................}|\\
\ce{CH3 - CH - CH - CH3 ->[HBr] CH3 - C - CH2 - CH3}\\
|\phantom{.........}|\phantom{...................................}|\phantom{...........}\\
\ce{CH3}\phantom{...}\ce{OH}\phantom{...............................}\ce{CH3}\phantom{.......}\\
\end{array}\]
Give a mechanism for this reaction.
(Hint: The secondary carbocation formed in step II rearranges to a more
stable tertiary carbocation by a hydride ion shift from 3rd carbon atom.)
Lucas reagent is ____________.
In the reduction \[\ce{R - CHO + H2 -> RCH2OH}\] the catalyst used is:
By which of the following methods alcohol can be prepared in excellent yield?
Lucas test is done to differentiate between ____________.
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Cyclohexene is best prepared from cyclohexanol by which of the following:
During dehydration of alcohols to alkenes by heating with cone. H2SO4 the initial step is ____________.
\[\ce{CH3CH2OH}\] can be converted into \[\ce{CH3CHO}\] by ______.
The process of converting alkyl halides into alcohols involves ______.
Explain why is OH group in phenols more strongly held as compared to OH group in alcohols.
In Kolbe’s reaction, instead of phenol, phenoxide ion is treated with carbon dioxide. Why?
Ethers can be prepared by Williamson synthesis in which an alkyl halide is reacted with sodium alkoxide. Di-tert-butyl ether can’t be prepared by this method. Explain.
Assertion: Bond angle in ethers is slightly less than the tetrahedral angle.
Reason: There is a repulsion between the two bulky (–R) groups.
Which of the following alcohols will not undergo oxidation?
Write the mechanism of acid dehydration of ethanol to yield ethene.
Write the mechanism of acid dehydration of ethanol to yield ethene.
Write the mechanism of acid-catalysed dehydration of ethanol to yield ethene.
