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महाराष्ट्र राज्य शिक्षण मंडळएचएससी विज्ञान (सामान्य) इयत्ता १२ वी

In a first-order reaction A → B, 60% of a given sample of a compound decomposes in 45 mins. What is the half-life of reaction? Also, write the rate law equation for the above first-order reaction.

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प्रश्न

In a first-order reaction A → B, 60% of a given sample of a compound decomposes in 45 mins. What is the half-life of reaction? Also, write the rate law equation for the above first-order reaction.

60% of the reactant decomposes in 45 minutes in a first order reaction. Calculate the half life period of the reaction. Write the relation between half life period and initial concentration for zero order reaction.

संख्यात्मक
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उत्तर

Given: [A]0 = 100%

[A]t = 100 − 60 = 40%

t = 45 min

To find: Half life of reaction (t1/2) = ?

Formula: k = `2.303/t log_10  [A]_0/[A]_t`

Calculation: Substitution of these in above:

k = `2.303/t  log_10  100/40`

= `2.303/(45) log_10 (2.5)`

= `2.303/(45) xx 0.3979`    

= 0.0203 min−1

For a first-order reaction, the half-life formula is:

`t_(1/2) = 0.693/k`

= `0.693/(0.0203  "min"^-1)`

= 34 min

∴ The half life of reaction is 34 min.

Relation between half life and initial concentration for zero-order reaction:

`t_(1/2) = [A]_0/(2k)`

In first-order reactions, the half-life of a zero-order reaction is directly proportional to the initial concentration.

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पाठ 6: Chemical Kinetics - Long answer questions

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