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In a first-order reaction A → B, 60% of a given sample of a compound decomposes in 45 mins. What is the half-life of reaction? Also, write the rate law equation for the above first-order reaction. - Chemistry

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In a first-order reaction A → B, 60% of a given sample of a compound decomposes in 45 mins. What is the half-life of reaction? Also, write the rate law equation for the above first-order reaction.

60% of the reactant decomposes in 45 minutes in a first order reaction. Calculate the half life period of the reaction. Write the relation between half life period and initial concentration for zero order reaction.

Numerical
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Solution

Given:

[A]0 = 100%

[A]t = 100 − 60 = 40%

t = 45 min

To find: Half life of reaction (t1/2)

Formula: k = `2.303/t log_10  [A]_0/[A]_t`

Calculation: Substitution of these in above

k = `2.303/"t" log_10  100/40`

= `2.303/(45  "min") log_10  (2.5)`

= `2.303/(45  "min") xx 0.3979`    

= 0.0203 min-1

For a first-order reaction, the half-life formula is:

`t_(1/2) = 0.693/k`

= `0.693/(0.0203  "min"^-1)`

= 34 min

∴ The half life of reaction is 34 min.

Relation between half life and initial concentration for zero-order reaction:

`t_(1/2) = [A]_0/(2k)`

In first-order reactions, the half-life of a zero-order reaction is directly proportional to the initial concentration.

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Chapter 6: Chemical Kinetics - Long answer questions

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Chapter 6 Chemical Kinetics
Long answer questions | Q 1

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