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प्रश्न
Explain the following:
Why does the element silicon, not form a graphite like structure whereas carbon does.
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उत्तर
In graphite, carbon is sp2-hybridised and each carbon is linked to three other carbon atoms by forming hexagonal rings. Each carbon is now left with one unhybridised p-orbital which undergoes sideways overlap to form three p-p double bonds. Thus, graphite has two-dimensional sheet like (layered) structure consisting of a number of benzene rings fused together. Silicon, on the other hand, does not form an analogue of carbon because of the following reason:
Due to bigger size and smaller electronegativity of Si than C, it does not undergo sp2-hybridisation and hence it does not form p-p double bonds needed for graphite like structure. Instead, it prefers to undergo only sp3-hybridisation and hence silicon has diamond like threedimensional network
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Discuss the pattern of variation in the oxidation states of B to Tl.
Explain the following reaction.
Silicon is heated with methyl chloride at high temperature in the presence of copper.
Write suitable chemical equations to show the nature of the following oxide.
Tl2O3
Rationalise the given statement and give a chemical reaction:
Lead is known not to form an iodide, PbI4.
Classify the following oxide as neutral, acidic, basic or amphoteric:
CO
Classify the following oxide as neutral, acidic, basic or amphoteric:
B2O3
Classify the following oxide as neutral, acidic, basic or amphoteric:
SiO2
Classify the following oxide as neutral, acidic, basic or amphoteric:
Tl2O3
Write suitable chemical equations to show the nature of the following oxide.
CO2
Write suitable chemical equations to show the nature of the following oxide.
Al2O3
Catenation i.e., linking of similar atoms depends on size and electronic configuration of atoms. The tendency of catenation in Group 14 elements follows the order:
The linear shape of CO2 is due to:
(i) sp3 hybridisation of carbon.
(ii) sp hybridisation of carbon.
(iii) pπ – pπ bonding between carbon and oxygen.
(iv) sp2 hybridisation of carbon.
Give reasons for the following:
CCl4 is immiscible in water, whereas SiCl4 is easily hydrolysed.
Explain the following:
Silicon forms \[\ce{SiF^{2-}6}\] ion whereas corresponding fluoro compound of carbon is not known.
Explain the following:
CO2 is a gas whereas SiO2 is a solid.
Carbon and silicon both belong to the group 14, but inspite of the stoichiometric similarity, the dioxides, (i.e., carbon dioxide and silicon dioxide), differ in their structures. Comment.
Explain the following:
Carbon shows catenation property but lead does not.
