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प्रश्न
Distinguish between SN1 and SN2 mechanism of substitution reaction.
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उत्तर
| Factor | SN1 | SN2 |
| Kinetics | 1st order | 2nd order |
| Molecularity | Unimolecular | Bimolecular |
| Number of steps | Two steps | One step |
| Bond making and bond breaking | First the bond in the reactant breaks and then a new bond in the product is formed. | Simultaneous |
| Transition state | Two steps, two transition states | One step, one transition state |
| Direction of attack of nucleophile | Backside attack and frontside attack | Only back side attack |
| Stereochemistry | Racemisation (If the substrate is optically active) | Inversion of configuration (If the substrate is optically active) |
| Type of substrate | Mainly 3° substrates | Mainly 1° substrate |
| Polarity of solvent | Polar protic solvent favorable | Aprotic (non-polar) or solvent with low polarity favourable |
| Intermediate | Intermediate involved | No intermediate |
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Complete the following reaction giving major products.
\[\ce{CH3 - CH = CH2 ->[HBr][peroxide] A ->[alc. KOH] B}\]
Complete the following reaction giving major products.
\[\begin{array}{cc}\ce{CH3 - CH = CH3 ->[Red P/Br2] A ->[Ag2O/H2O]B}\\|\phantom{.........................}\\
\ce{OH\phantom{.......................}}\end{array}\]
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2-Chloropropane to propan-1-ol
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\[\ce{But-1-ene ->[HBr][Peroxide] A ->[AgCN][\Delta] B}\]
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Complete the following reactions giving a major product.
\[\begin{array}{cc}
\ce{CH3}\phantom{................}\\
|\phantom{..................}\\
\ce{CH3 - C - CH2 - Cl ->[Na/dry ether] A}\\
|\phantom{..................}\\
\ce{CH3}\phantom{................}
\end{array}\]
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Can react by SN1 mechanism? Justify your answer.
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Complete the following reaction giving major product.
\[\begin{array}{cc}
\ce{CH3}\phantom{...............}\\
|\phantom{..................}\\
\ce{CH3 - C - CH2 - Cl->[Na/dry ether]A}\\
|\phantom{..................}\\
\ce{CH3}\phantom{...............}\\
\end{array}\]
Complete the following reaction, giving a major product.
\[\begin{array}{cc}
\ce{CH3}\phantom{................}\\
|\phantom{...................}\\
\ce{CH3 - C - CH2 - Cl ->[Na/dry ether] A}\\
|\phantom{...................}\\
\ce{CH3}\phantom{................}
\end{array}\]
Complete the following reaction giving major product.
\[\begin{array}{cc}
\ce{CH3}\phantom{...............}\\
|\phantom{..................}\\
\ce{CH3 - C - CH2 - Cl ->[Na/dry ether]A}\\
|\phantom{...................}\\
\ce{CH3}\phantom{.................}
\end{array}\]
Complete the following reaction giving major product.
\[\begin{array}{cc}
\ce{CH3}\phantom{.................}\\
|\phantom{...................}\\
\ce{CH3 - C - CH2 - Cl ->[Na/dry ether] A}\\
|\phantom{...................}\\
\ce{CH3}\phantom{.................}
\end{array}\]
Complete the following reaction giving major product.
\[\begin{array}{cc}
\ce{CH3}\phantom{.................}\\
|\phantom{...................}\\
\ce{CH3 - C - CH2 - Cl ->[Na/dry ether] A}\\
|\phantom{...................}\\
\ce{CH3}\phantom{.................}\\
\end{array}\]
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\[\ce{\underset{}{X + O2} ->[i) Co-naphtenate 423 K][ii) dil HClΔ] \underset{\underset{}{}}{Phenol + Acetone}}\]
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