Rift collapse occurs when natural cracks in hard rocks cause them to break and slide down a slope. During heavy rain, water seeps into these cracks, making the rocks heavier and causing them to weaken and slide to lower ground. This process leads to the sudden collapse of rock layers in sloped regions.
| Causes of landslide | Effects of landslide |
| After effects of natural disasters like earthquakes, tsunamis, heavy rains, storms, and floods cause landslides. | Rivers get flooded and change their paths. |
| Unlimited cutting of trees causes soil erosion. |
Displacement of waterfalls and formation of artificial water reservoirs. |
| Digging and construction for roads in mountains weaken the mountain structure. | Large-scale loss of life and property occurs as trees, buildings, and rocks on slopes collapse onto low-lying land. |
| Heavy mining activities disturb the stability of the land. | Landslides affect traffic, blocking roads and making travel dangerous. |
| Uncontrolled construction and urbanisation on slopes make the soil unstable. | Landslides destroy plant life in the area. |
| Continuous vibrations from blasting or drilling weaken the ground. | Infrastructure like bridges, power lines, and railways can be severely damaged. |
| Water from leaking pipes or irrigation seeps into soil and adds weight, making landslides more likely. | Landslides can contaminate water sources with debris and soil. |
| Overgrazing by animals removes vegetation, leading to loose soil. | Animals lose their natural habitat, leading to the disruption of wildlife. |
| Poor drainage systems cause water to collect and weaken soil, leading to landslides. | The area becomes prone to further erosion and environmental degradation. |
