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Collision Theory of Chemical Reactions

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Estimated time: 3 minutes
CBSE: Class 12

Theory: Collision Theory of Chemical Reactions

Collision Theory explains why and how temperature increases the rate of reaction.

Microscopic Factors:

Factor 1: Collisional Frequency (Z):

  • The number of collisions taking place per second per unit volume of the reaction mixture.
  • Effective collision: Only those collisions that actually produce the products.

\[\mathrm{Rate}=\frac{dx}{dt}=Z\times\text{(fraction of effective collisions)}\]

Factor 2: Activation Energy:

  • The minimum amount of extra energy required by a reacting molecule to get converted into an activated molecule (transition state).
  • Ea = Threshold energy − Average energy of reactant molecules

Conditions for Effective Collision:

  1. Colliding molecules must possess energy ≥ threshold energy.
  2. Colliding molecules must have proper orientation at the time of collision.

Drawback of Collision Theory: It considers atoms/molecules to be hard spheres and ignores their structural features.

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Collision Theory / Reaction Rate [00:11:53]
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Series: Collision Theory of Chemical Reactions
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Collision Theory / Reaction Rate
00:11:53  undefined
Chemical Kinetics part 21 (Arrhenius equation)
00:08:45  undefined
Chemical Kinetics part 24 (Arrhenius equation explanation and numerical)
00:07:09  undefined
Chemical Kinetics part 25 (Collision theory)
00:10:06  undefined
Chemical Kinetics part 26 (Numerical: Arrhenius equation)
00:13:42  undefined
Chemical Kinetics part 27 (Numerical: Arrhenius equation)
00:10:21  undefined

Related QuestionsVIEW ALL [9]

For a reaction A + B `->` Products, the rate law is — Rate = k [A][B]3/2 Can the reaction be an elementary reaction? Explain.

Which of the following statements are applicable to a balanced chemical equation of an elementary reaction?

(i) Order is same as molecularity.

(ii) Order is less than the molecularity.

(iii) Order is greater than the molecularity.

(iv) Molecularity can never be zero.

All energetically effective collisions do not result in a chemical change. Explain with the help of an example.

Assertion: All collision of reactant molecules lead to product formation.

Reason: Only those collisions in which molecules have correct orientation and sufficient kinetic energy lead to compound formation.

The Arrhenius equation is_________________ .

(a)`k=Ae^(RT/E_a)`                                                    

(b)`A=ke^(-E_a/(RT))`

(c)`k=Ae^(-(RT)/E_a)`

(d)`k=Ae^(-E_a/(RT))`

Which of the following statements is incorrect about the collison theory of chemical reaction?

Calculate the number of coulombs required to deposit 5.4 g of Al when the electrode reaction is Al3 + 3e– + Al.
(Given: Atomic mass of Al = 27 g mol−1, F = 96500 C mol−1)

Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow.

When two solutions are separated by a semi-permeable membrane, the solvent molecules move from a solution of lower molar concentration to a solution of higher molar concentration through osmosis.
  1. Samar removed the outer hard shell of two different eggs while cooking at home. He then placed one egg in pure water and the other egg in a saturated solution of sucrose. What change is he likely to observe in the eggs after a few hours?
  2. Which solution, hypertonic or hypotonic, has a higher amount of solute in same quantity of solution?
  3. A 5% aqueous solution of glucose (molar mass = 180 g mol-1) is isotonic with 1.66 % aqueous solution of urea. Calculate the molar mass of urea.
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