Nootan solutions for बायोलॉजी [अंग्रेजी] कक्षा १२ आईएससी chapter 17 - Biodiversity and Its Conservation [Latest edition]

An example of recalcitrant seed is ______.

Orthodox seeds are those that ______.

The term ‘biodiversity’ was coined by ______.

Which method of calculating diversity refers to the number of species in a single community?

Species that are no longer known to exist in the wild but survive under captivity or cultivation:

______ are species rich most threatened reservoirs of plants and animals on Earth.

The first National Park of India is ______.

Wildlife (Protection) Act was passed in ______.

‘State bird’ of Uttar Pradesh is ______.

Which of the following is not a cause for loss of biodiversity?

Which of the following is an endangered plant species of India?

Which of the following is not an invasive alien species in the Indian context?

The one-horned rhinoceros is specific to which of the following sanctuary?

Which of the following forests is known as the lungs of the planet earth?

The historic Convention on Biological Diversity held in Rio de Janeiro in 1992 is known as ______.

Amongst the animal groups given below, which one appears to be more vulnerable to extinction?

Among the following, where you can find the maximum biodiversity?

The historic convention on Biological Diversity held at Rio de Janeiro in 1992 is known as ______.

Conservation of organisms in natural habitat is called ______.

Total number of sanctuaries in India is ______.

Dudhwa National Park is located in ______.

In which state of India is Kaziranga National Park situated?

Ghana National Park is situated in which province?

Among the following which one is not endangered mammal?

______ seeds are those that can withstand reduction in moisture and temperature.

Plants growing in their natural habitat are known as ______ plants.

Maize is a ______ world crop.

______ propounded the concept of centres of origin of cultivated plants.

State whether the following statement is true or false.

Germplasm is the genetic material present in an organism, especially in its germ cells.

State whether the following statement is true or false.

The total set of genes and alleles present in a population is known as genetic erosion.

State whether the following statement is true or false.

Preservation of germplasm at ultra low temperature is called cryopreservation.

What is genetic erosion?

Define the term germplasm.

Give the scientific term used for the preservation of germplasm at a very low temperature.

What are gene banks?

Define the Gene pool.

List out the various causes for biodiversity losses.

The sacred groves of Aravalli hills and Ooty botanical garden both aim at biodiversity conservation. How do they differ in their approaches?

What is El-Nino effect?

What are the ‘Hotspots’?

Write the names of two ‘Hotspots’ situated in India.

Mention the name and headquarters of the National Park which was established for the first time in India.

Where is the following animal found?

Asian Lion

Where is the following animal found?

Tiger

Write the name of the National Park situated in the district Lakhimpur Kheri of Uttar Pradesh.

The ‘World Environment Day’ is celebrated on which date of every year? What is its aim?

Write the level of biodiversity represented by a mangrove. Give another example falling in the same level.

Identify ‘a’ and ‘b’ in the figure given below representing proportionate number of major vertebrate taxa.

What is Red Data Book?

What is the expanded form of IUCN?

What is meant by germplasm collection?

Why are scared groves highly protected?

Define cryopreservation.

Suggest two practices giving one example of each, that help protect rare or threatened species.

Why is genetic variation important in the plant Rauwolfia vomitoria?

Which animal is becoming extinct in India due to excessive hunting?

Define Biodiversity.

What is genetic erosion?

How does genetic erosion take place?

Write a short note on cryopreservation.

What is genetic erosion?

State any two factors responsible for genetic erosion.

Write the importance of preserving germplasm of wild species.

Define Hotspots.

Define Ramsar Sites.

Define the following:

Red Data Book

Explain the rivet Popper hypothesis.

What is so special about tropics that might account for their greater biological diversity?

Name the sociobiologist who popularised the term biodiversity.

Identify the levels of biodiversity in India represented by diversity among amphibians in Eastern and Western Ghats.

Name the type of biodiversity represented by the following:

50,000 different strains of rice in India.

Identify the levels of biodiversity in India represented by presence of deserts, mangroves and coral reefs in India.

Identify the levels of biodiversity in India represented by presence of deserts, mangroves and coral reefs in India.

Name the type of biodiversity represented by the following:

1000 varieties of mangoes in India.

Name the type of biodiversity represented by the following:

Variations in terms of potency and concentration of reserpine in Rauwolfia vomitoria growing in different regions of Himalayas.

Stability of a community depends on its species richness. Write how did David Tilman show this experimentally.

Write the importance of preserving germplasm of wild species.

Explain the value of biological diversity for food.

Explain the value of biological diversity for ecological security.

Explain the narrowly utilitarian argument in favour of conservation of biodiversity.

Explain the broadly utilitarian argument in favour of conservation of biodiversity.

Explain the ethical argument in favour of conservation of biodiversity.

How is designation of certain areas as hotspots a step towards biodiversity conservation?

Name any two biodiversity hot spots in India.

Explain the species-area relationship using the graphical representation given below:

or

The following graph shows the species-area relationship. Answer the following questions as directed.

1. Name the naturalist who studied the kind of relationship shown in the graph. Write the observations made by him.
2. Write the situations as discovered by the ecologists when the value of ‘Z’ (slope of the line) lies between:
   1. 0.1 and 0.2
   2. 0.6 and 1.2
      What does ‘Z’ stand for?
3. When would the slope of the line ‘b’ become steeper?

Write what was the percentage of forest cover of India at the beginning and at the end of the twentieth century. How different is it from the one recommended by the National Forest Policy of our country?

Alien species are highly invasive and are a threat to indigenous species. Substantiate this statement with any three examples.

While Bengal tigers are protected in special settings in Zoological parks, tiger reserves are maintained in Western Ghats. How do these two approaches differ from each other? Mention the advantages of each one.

Taking one example each of habitat loss and fragmentation, explain how are the two responsible for biodiversity loss.

Explain, taking one example, the effect of co-extinction on biodiversity.

“India has greater ecosystem diversity than Norway.” Do you agree with the statement? Give reasons in support of your answer.

Name the three important components of biodiversity.

How do ecologists estimate the total number of species present in the world?

Give three hypotheses for explaining why tropics show greatest levels of species richness.

What is the significance of the slope of regression in a species-area relationship?

What are the major causes of species losses in a geographical region?

How is biodiversity important for ecosystem functioning?

What are sacred groves?

What is the role of sacred groves in conservation?

Among the ecosystem services are control of floods and soil erosion. How is this achieved by the biotic components of the ecosystem?

The species diversity of plants (22 per cent) is much less than that of animals (72 per cent). What could be the explanations to how animals achieved greater diversification?

Can you think of a situation where we deliberately want to make a species extinct? How would you justify it?

Many plant and animal species are on the verge of their extinction because of loss of forest land by indiscriminate use by the humans. As a biology student what method would you suggest along with its advantages that can protect such threatened species from getting extinct?

In your opinion, what may be the consequences of the loss of biodiversity in a region?

How can you, as an individual, prevent the loss of biodiversity?

What is the difference between endemic and exotic species?