CISCE ISC Class 12 Biology (Theory) Solutions Guide
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CISCE ISC Class 12 Biology (Theory) Textbook Solutions
Questions and answers for the ISC Class 12 Biology (Theory) Textbook are on this page. Nootan Solutions for ISC Class 12 Biology (Theory) Digest CISCE will help students understand the concepts better.
Nootan Solutions for ISC Class 12 Biology (Theory) Chapterwise List | ISC Class 12 Biology (Theory) Digest
The answers to the Nootan books are the best study material for students. Listed below are the chapter-wise Nootan Biology (Theory) ISC Class 12 Solutions CISCE.
Chapters
- UNIT 1 : REPRODUCTION
- • 1: Reproduction in Organisms
- • 2: Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants
- • 3: Human Reproduction
- • 4: Reproductive Health
- UNIT 2 : GENETICS AND EVOLUTION
- • 5: Principles of Inheritance and Variation
- • 6: Molecular Basis of Inheritance
- • 7: Origin of Life
- • 8: Evidences and Theories of Biological Evolution
- • 9: Human Evolution
- UNIT 3 : BIOLOGY AND HUMAN WELFARE
- • 10: Human Health and Diseases
- • 11: Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production
- • 12: Microbes in Human Welfare
- UNIT 4 : BIOTECHNOLOGY AND ITS APPLICATIONS
- • 13: Principles and Processes of Biotechnology
- • 14: Biotechnology and Its Applications
- UNIT 5 : ECOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENT
- • 15: Organisms and Populations
- • 16: Ecosystem
- • 17: Biodiversity and Its Conservation
- • 18: Environmental Issues
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Nootan ISC Class 12 solutions for other subjects
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Chapters covered in Nootan Solutions for बायोलॉजी [अंग्रेजी] कक्षा १२ आयसीएसई
Nootan Solutions for ISC Class 12 Biology (Theory) (12th) 1: Reproduction in Organisms
Concepts covered in Reproduction in Organisms are Artificial Vegetative Propagation, Asexual Reproduction, Asexual Reproduction in Multicellular Organisms > Budding, Asexual Reproduction in Multicellular Organisms > Fragmentation, Asexual Reproduction in Multicellular Organisms > Gemmule Formation, Asexual Reproduction in Multicellular Organisms > Regeneration, Asexual Reproduction in Multicellular Organisms > Spore Formation, Asexual Reproduction in Unicellular Organisms > Binary Fission, Asexual Reproduction in Unicellular Organisms > Budding, Asexual Reproduction in Unicellular Organisms > Multiple Fission, Binary Fission > Longitudinal Binary Fission, Binary Fission > Simple Binary Fission, Binary Fission > Transverse Binary Fission, Binary Vs Multiple Fission, Events in Sexual Reproduction, Fertilization (Syngamy), Modes of Reproduction, Monocarpic Vs Polycarpic Plants, Natural Vegetative Propagation, Oestrus vs Menstrual Cycles, Oviparous Vs Viviparous Animals, Parthenogenesis (Virgin Birth), Post-fertilization Events, Pre-fertilization Events, Reproduction, Sexuality in Animals, Sexuality in Plants, Sexual Reproduction, Sexual Vs Asexual Reproduction, Vegetative Reproduction or Vegetative Propagation.
Nootan ISC Class 12 Biology (Theory) (12th) 1: Reproduction in Organisms exercises
| Exercise | No. of questions | Pages |
|---|---|---|
| Test Your Progress | 83 | 21 to 24 |
| Board Examination Questions | 9 | 24 to 25 |
| Higher Order thinking Skills Questions (HOTS) | 2 | 25 |
| NCERT Exercises | 28 | 25 to 26 |
Nootan Solutions for ISC Class 12 Biology (Theory) (12th) 2: Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants
Concepts covered in Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants are Agents and Types of Cross-pollination, Anemophily, Apomixis, Artificial Hybridization or Artificial Fertilization, Autogamy, Cheiropteriphily, Classification of Seeds, Cross-pollination, Development of Dicotyledonous Embryo, Development of Female Gametophyte or Embryo Sac, Development of Monocotyledonous Embryo, Dicot Seeds Vs Monocot Seeds, Embryo, Endosperm, Entomophily, Entry of Pollen Tube into Ovule, Entry of Pollen Tube into the Embryo Sac, Fertilization (Syngamy), Flower - a Fascinating Organ of Angiosperms, Formation of Seed and Fruit, Geitonogamy, Hydrophily, Life Cycle of Angiosperms, Malacophily, Male Vs Female Gametophytes in Angiosperms, Megasporogenesis, Microsporogenesis, Ornithophily, Outbreeding Devices, Overview of Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants, Parthenocarpy, Pollen Germination and Pollen Tube Growth, Pollen Pistil Interaction, Pollination, Polyembryony, Post-fertilization Events, Self-pollination, Self-pollination Vs Cross-pollination, Sexual Reproduction, Significance of Seed Dispersal and Fruit Formation, Structure and Development of Anther, Structure and Development of Male Gametophyte, Structure and Development of Ovule, Structure of Some Common Seeds, The Fruit, The Seed, Types of Flowers, Types of Ovules (Based on Integuments), Types of Ovules (Based on Orientation), Wind Vs Insect-pollinated flowers.
Nootan ISC Class 12 Biology (Theory) (12th) 2: Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants exercises
| Exercise | No. of questions | Pages |
|---|---|---|
| TEST YOUR PROGRESS | 221 | 58 to 65 |
| BOARD EXAMINATION QUESTIONS | 26 | 65 to 66 |
| HIGHER ORDER THINKING SKILLS QUESTIONS (HOTS) | 17 | 66 to 67 |
| NCERT EXERCISES | 30 | 67 to 68 |
| VALUE BASED QUESTIONS | 4 | 68 to 69 |
| DIFFERENTIATE BETWEEN | 19 | 69 to 70 |
Nootan Solutions for ISC Class 12 Biology (Theory) (12th) 3: Human Reproduction
Concepts covered in Human Reproduction are Accessory Glands of Male Reproductive System, Disorders of Female Reproductive System, Disorders of Male Reproductive System, Duct system of Male Reproductive Tract, Embryonic Development in Human, External Genitalia: Penis, External Genitalia: Vulva, Factors affecting Spermatogenesis, Fate of Germ Layers in Embryonic Development, Female Internal Reproductive Organs, Female Reproductive Duct System, Fertilization, Fertilization in Human, Gametogenesis, Graafian Follicle Vs Corpus Luteum, Hormonal Control of Menstrual Cycle, Hormonal Control of Puberty, Human Reproduction, Human Reproductive Organs, Lactation in Human, Location and Temperature Regulation of Testes, Major Events of Menstrual Cycle, Major Features of Embryonic Development, Male Urethra Vs Female Urethra, Mammary Glands, Menarche and Menopause, Menstrual Cycle (Ovarian Cycle), Oogenesis, Ovarian Follicle Development and Function, Ovaries, Parental Care, Parturition (Birth) in Human, Phases of Oogenesis, Phases of Spermatogenesis, Placenta (Growth) in Human, Puberty, Secondary Sexual Characteristics in Humans, Semen (Seminal fluid), Spermatogenesis, Spermatogenesis Vs Oogenesis, Spermiogenesis, Sperm Vs Ovum, Structure of Sperms, Structure of Testis, Testes, The Female Reproductive System, The Male Reproductive System.
Nootan ISC Class 12 Biology (Theory) (12th) 3: Human Reproduction exercises
| Exercise | No. of questions | Pages |
|---|---|---|
| TEST YOUR PROGRESS | 274 | 105 to 114 |
| BOARD EXAMINATION QUESTIONS | 20 | 114 to 115 |
| HIGHER ORDER THINKING SKILLS QUESTIONS (HOTS) | 12 | 115 to 116 |
| NCERT EXERCISES | 48 | 116 to 117 |
| VALUE BASED QUESTIONS | 4 | 117 |
| DIFFERENTIATE BETWEEN | 15 | 118 |
Nootan Solutions for ISC Class 12 Biology (Theory) (12th) 4: Reproductive Health
Concepts covered in Reproductive Health are Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS), Amniocentesis, Artificial Contraceptive Methods, Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART), Chlamydiasis, Concept of Reproductive Health, Genetic Counselling, Genital Herps, Genital Warts, Gonorrhoea, Hepatitis B, Induced Abortion or Medical Termination of Pregnancy (MTP), Inequality of Sexes, Infertility, In Vitro Fertilization (IVF), Methods of Birth Control and Contraceptive Devices, Natural Contraceptive Methods, Population Explosion and Birth Control, Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STD) or Sexually Transmitted Infections (STI), Syphilis, Trichomoniasis.
Nootan ISC Class 12 Biology (Theory) (12th) 4: Reproductive Health exercises
| Exercise | No. of questions | Pages |
|---|---|---|
| Test your Progress | 42 | 138 to 140 |
| BOARD EXAMINATION QUESTIONS | 14 | 140 |
| HIGHER ORDER THINKING SKILLS QUESTIONS (HOTS) | 8 | 140 to 141 |
| NCERT EXERCISES WITH ANSWERS | 18 | 141 to 142 |
| VALUE BASED QUESTIONS | 12 | 142 to 144 |
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Nootan Solutions for ISC Class 12 Biology (Theory) (12th) 5: Principles of Inheritance and Variation
Concepts covered in Principles of Inheritance and Variation are Aneuploidy, Applications of Mendel's Laws, Autosomal Abnormalities, Autosomes and Sex Chromosomes, Basic Terms Used in Inheritance Studies, Basis of Sex Determination, Chromosomal Mapping, Chromosomal Mutations or Aberrations, Chromosomal Theory of Inheritance, Colour blindness, Crossing Over, Crossing Technique, Deficiency or deletion, Dihybrid Cross, Disorders of Sex Development due to Sex-Chromosome Abnormality, Down's syndrome (Mongolian Idiocy), Duplication, Euploidy, Exceptions to Mendel's Principles > Co-Dominance, Exceptions to Mendel's Principles > Incomplete Dominance, Exceptions to Mendel's Principles > Multiple alleles, Exceptions to Mendel's Principles > Pleiotropy, Exceptions to Mendel's Principles > Polygenic traits - Quantitative inheritance, Factors Affecting Crossing Over, Factors Affecting Linkage, Frame Shift Mutations, Gene Mutations, Genomic Mutations or Heteroploidy or Numerical Aberrations, Gregor Johann Mendel – Father of Genetics, Haemophilia, Heredity and Variation, Human Genetic Disorders, Implications of Mutations, Induction of Gene Mutation, Inversion, Klinefelter's Syndrome, Linkage, Linked and Unlinked Genes, Mapping Technique, Mechanism of Crossing Over, Mendelian Disorders in Humans, Mendel's Experiments on Inheritance, Mendel's Laws > The Law of Dominance, Mendel's Laws > The Law of Independent Assortment, Mendel's Laws > The Law of Segregation (Law of Purity of Gametes), Monohybrid Cross, Morgan and Drosophila, Mutations, Pedigree Analysis, Polyploidy: Instant Speciation, Post Mendelian Genetics, Reasons for Mendel's Success, Recombinations, Sex Chromosome Abnormalities, Sex Determination, Sex Determination in Honey Bees, Sex Linked Inheritance, Sex-linked Inheritance in Drosophila, Sex-Linked Inheritance in Human Beings, Sex Linked Traits, Significance of Chromosome Mapping, Significance of Crossing Over, Significance of Linkage, Substitution (Replacement) Mutations, Translocation, Turner's Syndrome, Types of Crossing Over, Types of Linkage > Complete Linkage, Types of Linkage > Incomplete Linkage, Variation.
Nootan ISC Class 12 Biology (Theory) (12th) 5: Principles of Inheritance and Variation exercises
| Exercise | No. of questions | Pages |
|---|---|---|
| Test Your Progress | 330 | 196 to 207 |
| BOARD EXAMINATION QUESTIONS | 18 | 207 to 208 |
| HIGHER ORDER THINKING SKILLS QUESTIONS | 32 | 208 to 211 |
| NCERT EXERCISES WITH ANSWERS | 22 | 211 to 212 |
| VALUE BASED QUESTIONS | 12 | 213 |
| DIFFERENTIATE BETWEEN | 31 | 214 to 215 |
Nootan Solutions for ISC Class 12 Biology (Theory) (12th) 6: Molecular Basis of Inheritance
Concepts covered in Molecular Basis of Inheritance are Biomolecules in the Cell > Nucleic Acids, Central Dogma, Chain Initiation and Chain Termination Codons, Characterestic of the Genetic Code, Chargaff's Rules for Base Pairing in DNA, Concept of Genes, Conservative Replication, Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA), Direct Evidences for DNA as the Genetic Material, Dispersive Replication, DNA Fingerprinting, DNA Replication, DNA Vs RNA, Enzymes used in DNA Replication, Errors in DNA Replication and Its Repair, Genetic Code, Human Genome Project, Indirect Evidences for DNA as the Genetic Material, Induction and Repression, Leading Strand Vs Lagging Strand, Mechanism of DNA Replication, Mechanism of mRNA Processing in Eukaryotes, Mechanism of Translation, Meselson and Stahl’s Experiment, Messenger RNA (mRNA), Mutations and Protein Structure, Nature of Genes, Packaging of DNA Helix, Polynucleotide, Post-transcriptional Processing of RNAs, Prokaryotic DNA Vs Eukaryotic DNA, Prokaryotic mRNA Vs Eukaryotic mRNA, Properties of Genetic Material, Protein Synthesis in Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes, Purines Vs Pyrimidines, Regulation of Gene Expression, Reverse Transcription (Teminism), Ribonucleic acid (RNA), Ribosomal RNA (rRNA), Rice Genome Project, Semi-Conservative Replication, Single-stranded DNA (ssDNA), The Lac Operon, The RNA World, Tobacco Mosaic Virus (TMV), Transcription, Transcription Unit and the Gene, Transfer RNA (tRNA), Translation, Types of RNA, Variants of Double Helix DNA, Various Other Types of RNA.
Nootan Solutions for ISC Class 12 Biology (Theory) (12th) 7: Origin of Life
Concepts covered in Origin of Life are Basic Terms related to Origin of Life, Biochemical Origin of Life, Development of Life through Evolution, Effects of Oxygen on Evolution, Eighth step: Origin of Eukaryotic Cells, Fifth step: Origin of Autocatalytic Systems, Genes, Viruses and Primordial Life, First step: Origin of Earth and its Primitive Atmosphere, Fourth step: Origin of Colloids, Coacervates and Individuality, Origin of Life on Earth, Origin of Solar System, Second step: Origin of Molecules and Simple Inorganic Compounds, Seventh step: Origin of Autotrophism, Sixth step: Origin of Primordial Cellular forms of Life (Prokaryotes), Theory of Biogenesis, Theory of Special Creation, Theory of Spontaneous Generation (Abiogenesis or Autogenesis Theory), The Universe, Third step: Origin of Organic Compounds.
Nootan ISC Class 12 Biology (Theory) (12th) 7: Origin of Life exercises
| Exercise | No. of questions | Pages |
|---|---|---|
| TEST YOUR PROGRESS | 72 | 293 to 296 |
| BOARD EXAMINATION QUESTIONS | 2 | 296 |
| HIGHER ORDER THINKING SKILLS QUESTIONS (HOTS) | 6 | 296 |
Nootan Solutions for ISC Class 12 Biology (Theory) (12th) 8: Evidences and Theories of Biological Evolution
Concepts covered in Evidences and Theories of Biological Evolution are Adaptations, Adaptive Radiation, Analogy and Analogous Organs, Atavism, Basic Postulates of Darwinism, Basic Postulates of Lamarckism, Bottle Neck Effect, Causes of Variations, Common Misconceptions about the Theory of Evolution, Computation of the Age of a Fossil, Convergent and Divergent Evolution, Criticism of Lamarckism, Darwin’s Theory of Natural Selection (Darwinism), Discontinuous Distribution, Drawbacks and Criticism of Darwinism, Evidence of Evolution > Connecting Links, Evidence of Evolution > Embryological Evidences, Evidence of Evolution > Palaeontological Evidences, Evidence of Evolution > Vestigial Organs, Evidences from Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Evidences from Geographical Distribution, Evidences from Morphology and Anatomy, Evidences in favor of Lamarckism, Evidences of Organic Evolution, Evolutionary Evidence from Fossil Records, Examples of Natural Selection, Gene Flow, Genetic basis of Adaptation, Genetic Drift, Geological Time Scale, Hardy Weinberg’s Principle, Homology and Homologous Organs, Implications of Mutations, Lamarck’s Theory of Evolution (Lamarckism), Mass Extinctions, Migration, Modern Theory of Evolution, Molecular (Genetic) Evidences, Mutations, Mutation Theory of De Vries, Natural Vs Artificial Selection, Neo-Darwinism, Neo-Lamarckism, Process of Adaptation, Recapitulation Theory, Recombinations, Restricted Distribution, Selection, Significance of Organic Evolution, Speciation, Temporary Embryonic Structures, Theories and Mechanism of Evolution, Types of Selection.
Nootan ISC Class 12 Biology (Theory) (12th) 8: Evidences and Theories of Biological Evolution exercises
| Exercise | No. of questions | Pages |
|---|---|---|
| TEST YOUR PROGRESS | 224 | 340 to 349 |
| BOARD EXAMINATION QUESTIONS | 56 | 349 to 350 |
| HIGHER ORDER THINKING SKILLS QUESTION (HOTS) | 4 | 350 to 351 |
| NCERT EXERCISES WITH ANSWERS | 5 | 351 |
| VALUE BASED QUESTIONS | 6 | 352 |
| DIFFERENTIATE BETWEEN | 13 | 352 to 353 |
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Nootan Solutions for ISC Class 12 Biology (Theory) (12th) 9: Human Evolution
Concepts covered in Human Evolution are Average Cranial Capacities of Apes and Men, Early Human Ancestors > Prior to Ape Man, Early Human Ancestors > The Ape Man, Early Human Ancestors > The Early Man, Man Vs Ape, Place of Man in the Animal Kingdom, Scientific Perspectives on Human Origins, Social Behaviour in Human Evolution, Stages of Human Evolution, The Man of Future.
Nootan ISC Class 12 Biology (Theory) (12th) 9: Human Evolution exercises
| Exercise | No. of questions | Pages |
|---|---|---|
| TEST YOUR PROGRESS | 63 | 363 to 365 |
| BOARD EXAMINATION QUESTIONS | 12 | 366 |
| HIGHER ORDER THINKING SKILLS QUESTIONS (HOTS) | 7 | 366 |
| NCERT EXERCISES | 4 | 367 |
| VALUE BASED QUESTION | 1 | 367 |
Nootan Solutions for ISC Class 12 Biology (Theory) (12th) 10: Human Health and Diseases
Concepts covered in Human Health and Diseases are Addiction, Addiction > Alcohol, Adjunctive Functions of Antibodies, Allergies, Antibodies, Antigens, Autoimmunity, Barriers to Invasion by Pathogens, Cancer, Cannabis/Cannabinoids, Causes of Cancer, Cellular Immune Response (Response of T-Cells to Antigens), Chemical Carcinogens and their Target Tissues, Common Misconceptions about Alcoholism, Concept of Adolescence, Diseases Caused by Bacteria > Diphtheria, Diseases Caused by Bacteria > Plague, Diseases Caused by Bacteria > Pneumonia, Diseases Caused by Bacteria > Typhoid, Diseases Caused by Fungi > Ringworm, Diseases Caused by Helminths > Ascariasis, Diseases Caused by Helminths > Filariasis (Elephantiasis), Diseases Caused by Protozoa > Amoebiasis (Amoeboic dysentery), Diseases Caused by Protozoa > Malaria, Diseases Caused by Viruses > Chikungunya, Diseases Caused by Viruses > Common Cold, Diseases Caused by Viruses > Dengue Fever, Drug Abuse, Drugs, Hallucinogens, Health, Health Hazards of Tobacco Smoking: Key Facts, HIV/AIDS, Human Diseases > Communicable Or Infectious Diseases, Human Diseases > Non-communicable or Non-infectious Diseases, Humoral Immune Response (Response of B-Cells to Antigens), Immunity, Immunodeficiency Disorders, Impact of Alcohol Use and Abuse on Health, Interferons, Kidney Transplantation, Lymphoid Organs, Major Risks of Alcoholism, Mechanism of Action (Effector Mechanisms), Modes of Transmission of Diseases through Pathogens, Monoclonal Antibodies, Non-Specific Cellular Responses, Organs Commonly Affected by Cancer, Organ Transplants and Immunosuppression, Pathogens, Portals of Entry, Prevention/Treatment of Cancer, Production of Lymphocytes, Properties of the Human Immunoglobulins, Protective Surface Phenomenon, Role of Stem Cells in Medical Treatment, Symptoms and Diagnosis of Cancer, Symptoms of Alcohol Intoxication, The Body's Defence Mechanisms, The Immune System, Tobacco, Types and Effects of Psychoactive Drugs, Types of Cancer, Types of Immunity > Acquired Immunity, Types of Immunity > Innate Immunity, Vaccines.
Nootan ISC Class 12 Biology (Theory) (12th) 10: Human Health and Diseases exercises
| Exercise | No. of questions | Pages |
|---|---|---|
| TEST YOUR PROGRESS | 265 | 423 to 432 |
| BOARD EXAMINATION QUESTIONS | 58 | 432 to 433 |
| HIGHER ORDER THINKING SKILLS QUESTIONS (HOTS) | 15 | 433 to 434 |
| NCERT EXERCISES WITH ANSWERS | 26 | 434 to 435 |
| VALUE BASED QUESTIONS | 41 | 435 to 439 |
| DIFFERENTIATE BETWEEN | 16 | 440 |
Nootan Solutions for ISC Class 12 Biology (Theory) (12th) 11: Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production
Concepts covered in Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production are Animal Husbandry (Livestock) > Animal Breeding, Animal Husbandry (Livestock) > Apiculture (Bee Farming), Animal Husbandry (Livestock) > Pisciculture (Fish Farming), Applications of Tissue Cultures in Crop Improvement, Bee Keeping and Extraction of Honey, Biofortification, Cattle Management, Common Livestock Diseases, Components of Culture Media for Cell/Tissue Culture, Controlled Breeding Experiments (Artificial Insemination), Crop Improvement, Dairy (Livestock) Farm Management, Development of Apiculture in India, Fisheries in India, Green Revolution, Honey Bee, Hybridization, Hybridization Procedure, Hybrid Vigour (Heterosis), Induced Mutations, Livestock Development in India, Methods of Crop Improvement, MOET Programme, Nutritive Value of Eggs, Nutritive Value of Milk, Origin of Cultivated Plants, Plant Breeding for Developing Resistance to Insect Pests, Plant Breeding for Disease Resistance, Plant Introduction and Acclimatization, Poultry Development in India, Poultry Farming Vs Livestock Rearing, Poultry Farm Management, Products of Bee Keeping/ Advantage of Apiculture, Raising of Poultry, Rise of Agriculture and Settled Life, Selection, Single Cell Protein (SCP), Steps in Plant Breeding, Technique of Tissue Culture, Tissue Culture, Types of Cell/Tissue Culture, Types of Selection, Utility of Cattle.
Nootan ISC Class 12 Biology (Theory) (12th) 11: Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production exercises
| Exercise | No. of questions | Pages |
|---|---|---|
| Test Your Progress | 194 | 479 to 485 |
| BOARD EXAMINATION QUESTIONS | 36 | 485 |
| HIGHER ORDER THINKING SKILLS QUESTIONS (HOTS) | 18 | 485 to 486 |
| NCERT EXERCISES WITH ANSWER | 14 | 487 |
| VALUE BASED QUESTIONS | 5 | 487 to 488 |
| DIFFERENTIATE BETWEEN | 8 | 488 |
Nootan Solutions for ISC Class 12 Biology (Theory) (12th) 12: Microbes in Human Welfare
Concepts covered in Microbes in Human Welfare are Ganga and Yamuna River Pollution Control Initiatives, Microbes as Biocontrol Agents, Microbes as Biofertilizers, Microbes in Energy Generation, Microbes in Food Production, Microbes in Household Products, Microbes in Industrial Products, Microbes in Sewage Treatment, Treatment of Sewage.
Nootan ISC Class 12 Biology (Theory) (12th) 12: Microbes in Human Welfare exercises
| Exercise | No. of questions | Pages |
|---|---|---|
| Test Your Progress | 97 | 500 to 503 |
| BOARD EXAMINATION QUESTIONS | 9 | 504 |
| HIGHER ORDER THINKING SKILLS QUESTIONS (HOTS) | 13 | 504 to 505 |
| NCERT EXERCISES WITH ANSWERS | 17 | 505 to 507 |
| VALUE BASED QUESTIONS | 5 | 507 |
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Nootan Solutions for ISC Class 12 Biology (Theory) (12th) 13: Principles and Processes of Biotechnology
Concepts covered in Principles and Processes of Biotechnology are Agrobacterium tumefaciens, Applications and Risks of Genetic Engineering, Artificial Chromosomes as Vectors, Cloning, Features of an Ideal Vector, Gene Library, Genetic Engineering, Genetic Transformation in Animals, Genetic Transformation in Plants, Moral and Ethical Issues of Genetic Engineering, pBR 322 Vectors, Phages, Plasmids, Principles of Biotechnology, Processes of Recombinant DNA Technology, pUC Vectors, Recombinant DNA technology, Restriction Enzymes, Tools of Recombinant DNA Technology, Types of Restriction Enzymes, Vectors for Cloning Genes in Plants and Animals.
Nootan ISC Class 12 Biology (Theory) (12th) 13: Principles and Processes of Biotechnology exercises
| Exercise | No. of questions | Pages |
|---|---|---|
| Test Your Progress | 96 | 529 to 533 |
| BOARD EXAMINATION QUESTIONS | 17 | 533 |
| HIGHER ORDER THINKING SKILLS QUESTIONS (HOTS) | 11 | 534 to 535 |
| NCERT EXERCISES WITH ANSWERS | 17 | 535 to 536 |
| VALUE BASED QUESTIONS | 2 | 536 |
| DIFFERENTIATE BETWEEN | 6 | 536 |
Nootan Solutions for ISC Class 12 Biology (Theory) (12th) 14: Biotechnology and Its Applications
Concepts covered in Biotechnology and Its Applications are Applications of Biotechnology in Agriculture, Applications of Biotechnology in Health and Medicine, Bioethical Issues, Biopatent, Biopiracy, Bt Cotton, Core Objectives of Biotechnological Research, ELISA, Features of Genetically Modified Crops, Gene Therapy, Genetically Engineered Insulin, Mechanism of RNA Interference, Molecular Diagnosis, Pest-Resistant Plant, Role of GEAC in Regulating Genetically Modified Organisms in India, Stem Cell Technology, Stem Cell Therapy, Transgenic Animals, Vaccine Production.
Nootan ISC Class 12 Biology (Theory) (12th) 14: Biotechnology and Its Applications exercises
| Exercise | No. of questions | Pages |
|---|---|---|
| Test Your Progress | 84 | 551 to 554 |
| BOARD EXAMINATION QUESTIONS | 3 | 554 |
| HIGHER ORDER THINKING SKILLS QUESTIONS (HOTS) | 13 | 554 to 555 |
| NCERT EXERCISES WITH ANSWERS | 11 | 555 to 556 |
| VALUE BASED QUESTIONS | 4 | 556 |
| DIFFERENTIATE BETWEEN | 2 | 557 |
Nootan Solutions for ISC Class 12 Biology (Theory) (12th) 15: Organisms and Populations
Concepts covered in Organisms and Populations are Adaptation in Aquatic Plants (Hydrophytes), Adaptation in Desert Plants (Xerophytes), Adaptation in Grassland Plants (Mesophytes), Adaptations, Altruism, Animal Societies, Aquatic Adaptations (Hydrocoles), Arboreal (Scansorial) Adaptations, Atmospheric Factors, Behavioural Adaptations in Animals, Biomes of India, Biotic Factors, Carrying Capacity and Its Role in Population Sustainability, Climatic Factors > Atmospheric Humidity, Climatic Factors > Fire, Climatic Factors > Light, Climatic Factors > Precipitation, Climatic Factors > Temperature, Climatic Factors > Wind, Communication, Concepts and Measures of Population Ecology, Cursorial Adaptations, Desert Adaptations (Xerocoles), Dominance Hierarchy (Pecking Order), Ecology and Biomes, Environmental Resistance, Environmental Stochasticity, Fossorial Adaptations, Growth Models, Habitat, Interaction between Organisms, Interspecific Relationships, Intraspecific Relationships, Levels of Ecological Organisation, Life History Variation, Major Abiotic Factors, Negative Interactions > Amensalism, Negative Interactions > Competition, Negative Interactions > Parasitism, Negative Interactions > Predation, Niche, Organisms and Their Environment, Parasitic Adaptations, Population Age Distribution, Population Dispersal and Energy Flow (Bioenergetics), Population Growth, Population Growth Curve, Population Interactions, Positive Interactions > Commensalism, Positive Interactions > Mutualism (Symbiosis), Positive Interactions > Proto-cooperation, Responses of Organisms to Abiotic Factors, Sex Ratio, Soil Factors (Edaphic Factors), Soil Organisms, Territoriality, Topographic Factors, Types of Habitats in the Biosphere, Volant Adaptations.
Nootan ISC Class 12 Biology (Theory) (12th) 15: Organisms and Populations exercises
| Exercise | No. of questions | Pages |
|---|---|---|
| Test Your Progress | 216 | 606 to 613 |
| BOARD EXAMINATION QUESTIONS | 4 | 613 |
| HIGHER ORDER THINKING SKILLS QUESTIONS (HOTS) | 22 | 614 |
| NCERT EXERCISES WITH ANSWERS | 38 | 615 to 616 |
| VALUE BASED QUESTIONS | 4 | 616 |
| DIFFERENTIATE BETWEEN | 11 | 617 |
Nootan Solutions for ISC Class 12 Biology (Theory) (12th) 16: Ecosystem
Concepts covered in Ecosystem are Biogeochemical Cycles (Nutrient Cycles), Biotic or Ecological Succession, Biotic Succession > Hydrosere, Biotic Succession > Xerosere, Causes of Succession, Components of an Ecosystem > Abiotic Component, Components of an Ecosystem > Biotic Component, Concept of Ecosystem, Consumers, Decomposers, Decomposition, Dominance of Species, Ecological Pyramids, Ecological Services, Efficiencies in Ecosystem, Flow of Energy, Food Chain, Food Web, Functions of an Ecosystem, Key Ecological Terms, Kinds of Succession, Major Trends during Succession, Major Trends in Biotic Succession, Phosphorus Cycle, Process of Succession, Producers, Productivity, Structure of Pond Ecosystem, The Carbon Cycle, Trophic Levels, Types of Food Chains.
Nootan ISC Class 12 Biology (Theory) (12th) 16: Ecosystem exercises
| Exercise | No. of questions | Pages |
|---|---|---|
| Test Your Progress | 199 | 651 to 657 |
| BOARD EXAMINATION QUESTIONS | 11 | 658 |
| HIGHER ORDER THINKING SKILLS QUESTIONS (HOTS) | 7 | 658 to 659 |
| NCERT EXERCISES WITH ANSWERS | 25 | 659 to 660 |
| VALUE BASED QUESTIONS | 4 | 660 |
| DIFFERENTIATE BETWEEN | 17 | 660 to 661 |
Nootan Solutions for ISC Class 12 Biology (Theory) (12th) 17: Biodiversity and Its Conservation
Concepts covered in Biodiversity and Its Conservation are Biodiversity, Biodiversity In India, Biosphere Reserve, Biosphere Reserves Vs National Parks Vs Sanctuary, Botanical Gardens, Conservation Strategies, Conventions on Biological Diversity, Cryopreservation, Earth Summit, Endangered Flora and Fauna, Gene (Germplasm) Banks, Gene Pool, Genetic Conservation, Genetic Erosion, Hotspots of Biodiversity, Importance of Biodiversity, Loss of Biodiversity, Measuring Biodiversity, National Parks, Need for Biodiversity Conservation, Patterns of Biodiversity, Protected Areas in India, Ramsar Sites, Red Data Book, Rivet-Popper Hypothesis, Sacred Groves, Seed Bank, Threatened Species, Types of Biodiversity, Wildlife Acts/Projects of India for Wildlife Conservation, Wildlife Conservation Strategy in India, Wildlife Safari, Wildlife Sanctuary, World Summit on Sustainable Development (WSSD).
Nootan ISC Class 12 Biology (Theory) (12th) 17: Biodiversity and Its Conservation exercises
| Exercise | No. of questions | Pages |
|---|---|---|
| Test Your Progress | 57 | 693 to 695 |
| BOARD EXAMINATION QUESTIONS | 10 | 695 |
| HIGHER ORDER THINKING SKILLS QUESTIONS (HOTS) | 24 | 695 to 697 |
| NCERT EXERCISES WITH ANSWERS | 11 | 697 to 698 |
| VALUE BASED QUESTIONS | 3 | 698 |
| DIFFERENTIATE BETWEEN | 1 | 698 |
Nootan Solutions for ISC Class 12 Biology (Theory) (12th) 18: Environmental Issues
Concepts covered in Environmental Issues are A Case Study of Integrated Waste Water Treatment, Acid Rain, Air Pollution, Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Biological Concentration and Biomagnification, Case Study of Organic Farming, Case Study of People's Participation in Conservation of Forests, Case Study of Remedy for Plastic Waste, Climate Change, Consequences of Deforestation, Conservation of Forests, Decibel, Deforestation and Its Causes, Ecosan Toilets, Effect of Agrochemicals, Effect of Radioactive Pollution, Effects of Air Pollution, Effects of Noise Pollution, Effects of Soil Pollution, Effects of Water Pollution, El Nino Effect, Environmental Acts, Environmental Pollution, Eutrophication, E-waste Management, Ganga and Yamuna River Pollution Control Initiatives, Global Warming, Greenhouse Effect, Kinds of Pollutants, Kyoto Protocol, Land and Water Management in India, Land Degradation, Major Air Pollutants, Noise Pollution, Nuclear Winter, Occupational Respiratory Disorders, Ozone, Ozone Layer Depletion, Pollution-related Diseases, Prevention and Control of Air Pollution, Prevention and Control of Land Degradation, Prevention and Control of Noise Pollution, Prevention and Control of Radioactive Pollution, Prevention and Control of Soil Pollution, Prevention and Control of Water Pollution, Radioactive Pollution, Soil Erosion, Soil Pollution, Solid Waste Management, Sources of Air Pollution, Sources of Noise Pollution, Sources of Radioactive Pollution, Sources of Soil Pollution, Sources of Water Pollution, Wasteland Development, Water Pollution.
Nootan ISC Class 12 Biology (Theory) (12th) 18: Environmental Issues exercises
| Exercise | No. of questions | Pages |
|---|---|---|
| TEST YOUR PROGRSS | 141 | 747 to 751 |
| BOARD EXAMINATION QUESTIONS | 11 | 751 |
| HIGHER ORDER THINKING SKILLS QUESTIONS (HOTS) | 4 | 752 |
| NCERT EXERCISES WITH ANSWERS | 21 | 752 to 753 |
| VALUE BASED QUESTIONS | 7 | 753 to 754 |
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