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प्रश्न
Write the two processes that take place in the formation of a p-n junction.
Name two important processes involved in the formation of a p-n junction diode.
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उत्तर
The processes of "diffusion" and "drift" are critical in a p-n junction. When the p and n-sides come into contact, the majority of carriers "diffuse" from a high concentration to a low concentration. Electrons move and combine with holes from the n-side to the p-side. Holes migrate from the p-side to the n-side in the same way that electrons and holes do at the junction. A "depletion region" is formed when the near junction area runs out of carriers and becomes charged. Current "diffusion" is caused by current "diffusion."
In the depletion area, the charge produces an electric field. The electric field creates a flow of minority carriers in the 'depletion' region. The produced current is known as "drift current," and it is referred to as drift. The directions of "diffusion and drift current" are reversed.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
In a p-n junction diode, the current I can be expressed as
I = `"I"_0 exp ("eV"/(2"k"_"BT") - 1)`
where I0 is called the reverse saturation current, V is the voltage across the diode and is positive for forward bias and negative for reverse bias, and I is the current through the diode, kBis the Boltzmann constant (8.6×10−5 eV/K) and T is the absolute temperature. If for a given diode I0 = 5 × 10−12 A and T = 300 K, then
(a) What will be the forward current at a forward voltage of 0.6 V?
(b) What will be the increase in the current if the voltage across the diode is increased to 0.7 V?
(c) What is the dynamic resistance?
(d) What will be the current if reverse bias voltage changes from 1 V to 2 V?
A zener diode is fabricated by heavily doping both p- and n- sides of the junction. Explain, why?
Mention the important considerations required while fabricating a p-n junction diode to be used as a Light Emitting Diode (LED). What should be the order of band gap of an LED if it is required to emit light in the visible range?
Draw a circuit diagram to study the input and output characteristics of an n-p-n transistor in its common emitter configuration. Draw the typical input and output characteristics.
If the two ends of a p-n junction are joined by a wire,
Consider a p-n junction diode having the characteristic \[i - i_0 ( e^{eV/kT} - 1) \text{ where } i_0 = 20\mu A\] . The diode is operated at T = 300 K . (a) Find the current through the diode when a voltage of 300 mV is applied across it in forward bias. (b) At what voltage does the current double?
When p-type and n-type regions are formed in a single crystal, which carriers initially diffuse from each side?
Which semiconductor devices use the p-n junction principle?
What is the approximate knee voltage for germanium?
Which formula gives the static resistance of a diode?
