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प्रश्न
Write answer as directed.
Give any four functional groups containing oxygen as the heteroatom in it. Write name and structural formula of one example each.
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उत्तर
Four functional groups containing oxygen as the heteroatom in it are as follows:
1. Alcohols: The functional group, which is present in alcohol, is -OH. The IUPAC group suffix of alcohol is –ol.
Example: Ethanol
\[\begin{array}{cc}
\ce{H}\phantom{..}\ce{H}\\
|\phantom{...}|\\
\phantom{..}\ce{H-C-C-OH}\\
|\phantom{...}|\\
\ce{H}\phantom{..}\ce{H}
\end{array}\]
2. Aldehydes: The functional group, which is present in an aldehyde, is -CHO. The IUPAC group suffix of an aldehyde is –al.
Example: Acetaldehyde
\[\begin{array}{cc}
\ce{H}\phantom{..}\ce{H}\\
|\phantom{...}|\phantom{}\\
\ce{H-C-C=O}\\
|\phantom{....}\\
\ce{H}\phantom{....}
\end{array}\]
3. Carboxylic acid: The functional group present in a carboxylic acid is -COOH. The IUPAC group suffix of a carboxylic acid is –oic acid.
Example: Acetic acid
\[\begin{array}{cc}
\ce{H}\phantom{..}\ce{O}\phantom{..}\\
|\phantom{...}||\phantom{..}\\
\ce{H-C-C-OH}\\
|\phantom{......}\\
\ce{H}\phantom{......}
\end{array}\]
4. Ketones
Examples:- Acetone
\[\begin{array}{cc}
\ce{H}\phantom{..}\ce{O}\phantom{..}\ce{H}\\
|\phantom{...}||\phantom{...}|\\
\ce{H-C-C-C-H}\\
|\phantom{.......}|\\
\ce{H}\phantom{......}\ce{H}
\end{array}\]
APPEARS IN
संबंधित प्रश्न
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Complete the given chart with writing the correct functional group of carbon compounds.
(Ester, Aldehyde, Ketone, Carboxylic acid, Alcohol, Ether)
| -O-H | |
| \[\begin{array}{cc} \ce{O}\phantom{..}\\ ||\phantom{..}\\ \ce{-C-H} \end{array}\] |
|
| \[\begin{array}{cc} \ce{O}\\ ||\\ \ce{-C-} \end{array}\] |
|
| \[\begin{array}{cc} \ce{O}\phantom{.....}\\ ||\phantom{.....}\\ \ce{-C-O-H} \end{array}\] |
|
| -O- | |
| \[\begin{array}{cc} \ce{O}\phantom{..}\\ ||\phantom{..}\\ \ce{-C-O} \end{array}\] |
|
|
\[\begin{array}{cc} |
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| (i) \[\begin{array}{cc} \ce{H}\phantom{...}\ce{H}\phantom{...}\ce{H}\\ |\phantom{....}|\phantom{....}|\\ \ce{H - C - C - C = O}\\ |\phantom{....}|\phantom{.....}\\ \ce{H}\phantom{....}\ce{H}\phantom{.....} \end{array}\] |
(ii) \[\begin{array}{cc} \phantom{....}\ce{H}\phantom{...}\ce{H}\phantom{....}\\ \phantom{....}|\phantom{....}|\phantom{....}\\ \ce{H - C - C = O}\\|\phantom{.....}\\ \ce{H}\phantom{.....}\end{array}\] |
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\[\ce{2C4H10 +13O2 -> 8CO2 + 10H2O}\]
