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प्रश्न
Write answer as directed.
Give any four functional groups containing oxygen as the heteroatom in it. Write name and structural formula of one example each.
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उत्तर
Four functional groups containing oxygen as the heteroatom in it are as follows:
1. Alcohols: The functional group, which is present in alcohol, is -OH. The IUPAC group suffix of alcohol is –ol.
Example: Ethanol
\[\begin{array}{cc}
\ce{H}\phantom{..}\ce{H}\\
|\phantom{...}|\\
\phantom{..}\ce{H-C-C-OH}\\
|\phantom{...}|\\
\ce{H}\phantom{..}\ce{H}
\end{array}\]
2. Aldehydes: The functional group, which is present in an aldehyde, is -CHO. The IUPAC group suffix of an aldehyde is –al.
Example: Acetaldehyde
\[\begin{array}{cc}
\ce{H}\phantom{..}\ce{H}\\
|\phantom{...}|\phantom{}\\
\ce{H-C-C=O}\\
|\phantom{....}\\
\ce{H}\phantom{....}
\end{array}\]
3. Carboxylic acid: The functional group present in a carboxylic acid is -COOH. The IUPAC group suffix of a carboxylic acid is –oic acid.
Example: Acetic acid
\[\begin{array}{cc}
\ce{H}\phantom{..}\ce{O}\phantom{..}\\
|\phantom{...}||\phantom{..}\\
\ce{H-C-C-OH}\\
|\phantom{......}\\
\ce{H}\phantom{......}
\end{array}\]
4. Ketones
Examples:- Acetone
\[\begin{array}{cc}
\ce{H}\phantom{..}\ce{O}\phantom{..}\ce{H}\\
|\phantom{...}||\phantom{...}|\\
\ce{H-C-C-C-H}\\
|\phantom{.......}|\\
\ce{H}\phantom{......}\ce{H}
\end{array}\]
APPEARS IN
संबंधित प्रश्न
Explain the following term with an example.
Functional group
Give names of three functional groups containing three different hetero atoms. Write name and structural formula of one example each.
Find the odd one out and give its explanation.
Write the molecular formula of the given compound.
Propene
Write the molecular formula of the given compound.
Isobutane
Benzene is a cyclic unsaturated hydrocarbon.
Cyclohexane is a branched chain type of hydrocarbon.
In LPG, butane is a flammable component.
Distinguish between:
Alkane - Alkene
Complete the given chart with writing the correct functional group of carbon compounds.
(Ester, Aldehyde, Ketone, Carboxylic acid, Alcohol, Ether)
| -O-H | |
| \[\begin{array}{cc} \ce{O}\phantom{..}\\ ||\phantom{..}\\ \ce{-C-H} \end{array}\] |
|
| \[\begin{array}{cc} \ce{O}\\ ||\\ \ce{-C-} \end{array}\] |
|
| \[\begin{array}{cc} \ce{O}\phantom{.....}\\ ||\phantom{.....}\\ \ce{-C-O-H} \end{array}\] |
|
| -O- | |
| \[\begin{array}{cc} \ce{O}\phantom{..}\\ ||\phantom{..}\\ \ce{-C-O} \end{array}\] |
|
|
\[\begin{array}{cc} |
An atom or a group of atoms that is responsible for the chemical characteristics of an organic compound is called ______.
Which of these is true for most of the organic compounds?
Chlorine reacts with saturated hydrocarbons at room temperature in the
Which of the following is not a straight chain hydrocarbon?
Consider the following organic compounds:
| (i) \[\begin{array}{cc} \ce{H}\phantom{...}\ce{H}\phantom{...}\ce{H}\\ |\phantom{....}|\phantom{....}|\\ \ce{H - C - C - C = O}\\ |\phantom{....}|\phantom{.....}\\ \ce{H}\phantom{....}\ce{H}\phantom{.....} \end{array}\] |
(ii) \[\begin{array}{cc} \phantom{....}\ce{H}\phantom{...}\ce{H}\phantom{....}\\ \phantom{....}|\phantom{....}|\phantom{....}\\ \ce{H - C - C = O}\\|\phantom{.....}\\ \ce{H}\phantom{.....}\end{array}\] |
- Name the functional group present in these compounds.
- Write the general formula for the compounds of this functional group.
- State the relationship between these compounds and draw the structure of any other compound having a similar functional group.
Identify heteroatom (s) in the following compound.
\[\begin{array}{cc}
\ce{CH3CH2 - C - CH3}\\\
\phantom{....}||\
\ce\\\phantom{....}{O}\end{array}\]
One variety of household fuel is a mixture of propane (60%) and butane (40%). If 20 litres of this mixture is burnt, find the total volume of carbon dioxide added to the atmosphere. The combination reactions can be represented as:
\[\ce{C3H8 + 5O2 -> 3CO2 + 4H2O}\]
\[\ce{2C4H10 +13O2 -> 8CO2 + 10H2O}\]
