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प्रश्न
Write answer as directed.
Give any four functional groups containing oxygen as the heteroatom in it. Write name and structural formula of one example each.
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उत्तर
Four functional groups containing oxygen as the heteroatom in it are as follows:
1. Alcohols: The functional group, which is present in alcohol, is -OH. The IUPAC group suffix of alcohol is –ol.
Example: Ethanol
\[\begin{array}{cc}
\ce{H}\phantom{..}\ce{H}\\
|\phantom{...}|\\
\phantom{..}\ce{H-C-C-OH}\\
|\phantom{...}|\\
\ce{H}\phantom{..}\ce{H}
\end{array}\]
2. Aldehydes: The functional group, which is present in an aldehyde, is -CHO. The IUPAC group suffix of an aldehyde is –al.
Example: Acetaldehyde
\[\begin{array}{cc}
\ce{H}\phantom{..}\ce{H}\\
|\phantom{...}|\phantom{}\\
\ce{H-C-C=O}\\
|\phantom{....}\\
\ce{H}\phantom{....}
\end{array}\]
3. Carboxylic acid: The functional group present in a carboxylic acid is -COOH. The IUPAC group suffix of a carboxylic acid is –oic acid.
Example: Acetic acid
\[\begin{array}{cc}
\ce{H}\phantom{..}\ce{O}\phantom{..}\\
|\phantom{...}||\phantom{..}\\
\ce{H-C-C-OH}\\
|\phantom{......}\\
\ce{H}\phantom{......}
\end{array}\]
4. Ketones
Examples:- Acetone
\[\begin{array}{cc}
\ce{H}\phantom{..}\ce{O}\phantom{..}\ce{H}\\
|\phantom{...}||\phantom{...}|\\
\ce{H-C-C-C-H}\\
|\phantom{.......}|\\
\ce{H}\phantom{......}\ce{H}
\end{array}\]
APPEARS IN
संबंधित प्रश्न
Give names of three functional groups containing three different hetero atoms. Write name and structural formula of one example each.
Find the odd one out and give its explanation.
Find the odd one out and give its explanation.
Write the molecular formula of the given compound.
Acetone
Write the molecular formula of the given compound.
Propene
Carbon compounds contain only open chains of carbon atoms.
Benzene is a cyclic unsaturated hydrocarbon.
Cyclohexane is a branched chain type of hydrocarbon.
Distinguish between:
Saturated hydrocarbons - Unsaturated hydrocarbons
Distinguish between:
Open chain hydrocarbons - Closed chain hydrocarbons
Write a short note.
Functional groups in carbon compounds
Complete the given chart with writing the correct functional group of carbon compounds.
(Ester, Aldehyde, Ketone, Carboxylic acid, Alcohol, Ether)
| -O-H | |
| \[\begin{array}{cc} \ce{O}\phantom{..}\\ ||\phantom{..}\\ \ce{-C-H} \end{array}\] |
|
| \[\begin{array}{cc} \ce{O}\\ ||\\ \ce{-C-} \end{array}\] |
|
| \[\begin{array}{cc} \ce{O}\phantom{.....}\\ ||\phantom{.....}\\ \ce{-C-O-H} \end{array}\] |
|
| -O- | |
| \[\begin{array}{cc} \ce{O}\phantom{..}\\ ||\phantom{..}\\ \ce{-C-O} \end{array}\] |
|
|
\[\begin{array}{cc} |
Match the following.
| Functional group –OH | - | Benzene |
| Heterocyclic | - | Potassium stearate |
| Unsaturated | - | Alcohol |
| Soap | - | Furan |
| Carbocyclic | - | Ethene |
Chlorine reacts with saturated hydrocarbons at room temperature in the
Identify heteroatom (s) in the following compound.
\[\begin{array}{cc}
\ce{CH3CH2 - C - CH3}\\\
\phantom{....}||\
\ce\\\phantom{....}{O}\end{array}\]
Identify heteroatom (s) in the following compound.
\[\ce{CH3CH2Cl}\]
Write the IUPAC name of the following:
\[\begin{array}{cc}
\ce{CH3}\phantom{...}\ce{CH3}\phantom{.......}\\
|\phantom{.......}|\phantom{.........}\\
\ce{CH2 - CH - CH2}\\
\phantom{...........}|\\
\phantom{......................}\ce{CH2}\ce{CH2}\ce{CH3}
\end{array}\]
