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प्रश्न
Distinguish between:
Saturated hydrocarbons - Unsaturated hydrocarbons
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उत्तर
| Saturated hydrocarbons | Unsaturated hydrocarbons | |
| 1. | Hydrocarbons having the carbon atoms linked to each other by single bonds are called saturated hydrocarbons. | Hydrocarbons having at least one carbon-carbon double or triple bond are called unsaturated hydrocarbons. |
| 2. | On burning, saturated hydrocarbons give a clean, blue flame. | On burning, unsaturated hydrocarbons give a yellow flame with lots of black smoke. |
| 3. | Saturated hydrocarbons do not decolourize bromine or iodine solutions. | Unsaturated hydrocarbons decolourize bromine or iodine solutions. |
| 4. | Saturated hydrocarbons are less reactive. | Unsaturated hydrocarbons are usually highly reactive. |
संबंधित प्रश्न
Explain the following term with an example.
Functional group
Write answer as directed.
Give any four functional groups containing oxygen as the heteroatom in it. Write name and structural formula of one example each.
Find the odd one out and give its explanation.
Write the molecular formula of the given compound.
Ethyl ethanoate
Carbon compounds contain only open chains of carbon atoms.
Benzene is a cyclic unsaturated hydrocarbon.
In LPG, butane is a flammable component.
Explain the Catenation power.
Distinguish between:
Alkane - Alkene
Write a short note.
Catenation power
Write a short note.
Functional groups in carbon compounds
Complete the given chart with writing the correct functional group of carbon compounds.
(Ester, Aldehyde, Ketone, Carboxylic acid, Alcohol, Ether)
| -O-H | |
| \[\begin{array}{cc} \ce{O}\phantom{..}\\ ||\phantom{..}\\ \ce{-C-H} \end{array}\] |
|
| \[\begin{array}{cc} \ce{O}\\ ||\\ \ce{-C-} \end{array}\] |
|
| \[\begin{array}{cc} \ce{O}\phantom{.....}\\ ||\phantom{.....}\\ \ce{-C-O-H} \end{array}\] |
|
| -O- | |
| \[\begin{array}{cc} \ce{O}\phantom{..}\\ ||\phantom{..}\\ \ce{-C-O} \end{array}\] |
|
|
\[\begin{array}{cc} |
Which of these is true for most of the organic compounds?
Chlorine reacts with saturated hydrocarbons at room temperature in the
Consider the following organic compounds:
| (i) \[\begin{array}{cc} \ce{H}\phantom{...}\ce{H}\phantom{...}\ce{H}\\ |\phantom{....}|\phantom{....}|\\ \ce{H - C - C - C = O}\\ |\phantom{....}|\phantom{.....}\\ \ce{H}\phantom{....}\ce{H}\phantom{.....} \end{array}\] |
(ii) \[\begin{array}{cc} \phantom{....}\ce{H}\phantom{...}\ce{H}\phantom{....}\\ \phantom{....}|\phantom{....}|\phantom{....}\\ \ce{H - C - C = O}\\|\phantom{.....}\\ \ce{H}\phantom{.....}\end{array}\] |
- Name the functional group present in these compounds.
- Write the general formula for the compounds of this functional group.
- State the relationship between these compounds and draw the structure of any other compound having a similar functional group.
Identify heteroatom (s) in the following compound.
\[\ce{CH3CH2Cl}\]
______ is the functional group of carboxylic acid.
One variety of household fuel is a mixture of propane (60%) and butane (40%). If 20 litres of this mixture is burnt, find the total volume of carbon dioxide added to the atmosphere. The combination reactions can be represented as:
\[\ce{C3H8 + 5O2 -> 3CO2 + 4H2O}\]
\[\ce{2C4H10 +13O2 -> 8CO2 + 10H2O}\]
Write the IUPAC name of the following:
\[\begin{array}{cc}
\ce{CH3}\phantom{...}\ce{CH3}\phantom{.......}\\
|\phantom{.......}|\phantom{.........}\\
\ce{CH2 - CH - CH2}\\
\phantom{...........}|\\
\phantom{......................}\ce{CH2}\ce{CH2}\ce{CH3}
\end{array}\]
