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प्रश्न
Differentiate between formal and informal organisations on the basis of
- origin,
- authority, and
- flow of communication.
State any six difference between formal communication and informal communication.
Distinguish between Formal and Informal Communication.
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उत्तर
| Sr. No. | Basis of Difference | Formal Communication | Informal Communication |
| 1. | Origin | It originates from the defined authority and hierarchy in the organisation. | It originates from social interactions among the employees and the need of employees to exchange views. |
| 2. | Authority | Members are bound by a hierarchical structure. Due to formal and impersonal relationships, superior or top-level managers have a higher level of authority than subordinates. | Members have equal authority due to informal and personal relationships among the employees. |
| 3. | Flow of Information | The information has to pass through various formal communication channels. | Information is free to flow and no formal channels are followed. |
| 4. | Purpose | To achieve organisation goals. | To satisfy personal needs. |
| 5. | Speed | It is slow as the message has to pass through the prescribed or officially established path. | It is fast as it does not follow a particular or prescribed path. |
| 6. | Accuracy | Chances of distortion are few; more accurate and reliable. | Chances of distortion are many because messages may get distorted as different persons pass on the same message with different interpretations. |
| 7. | Form | It is preplanned, rigid, follows officially established relationships and is expressed in both oral and written forms. It is orderly and systematic. | It is not preplanned, flexible, does not follow the officially established relationships, and is mostly expressed orally. It is unsystematic and elastic in flow. |
| 8. | Responsibility for the message | It is authentic and responsibility for the message can be fixed because the source is clear. | It is not authentic and responsibility cannot be fixed easily for the messages passed because it flows through grapevine and unofficial channels. |
| 9. | Content | Work-related information. | Person-related information. |
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संबंधित प्रश्न
'Steelo Ltd.' decided to set-up its steel manufacturing factory in the backward area of Orissa where very less job opportunities were available. People of that area welcomed this effort of 'Steelo Ltd.' To attract people to work in its factory it also decided to provide many other facilities like school. hospital. market etc. in the factory premises. 'Steelo Ltd.' started earning huge profits. Another competing company asked its production manager 'Aslam' to investigate the reasons of earning huge profits by 'Steelo Ltd.' Aslam found that in both the companies there was systematic coordination among the various activities to achieve organisational goals. Every employee knew who was responsible and accountable to whom. The only difference was that in his organisation communication took place only through the scalar chain whereas 'Steelo Ltd.' was allowing flow of communication in all the directions as per the requirement which lead to faster spread of information as well as quick feedback.
a. Identify the type of organisation which permits 'Steelo Ltd.' the flow of communication in all the directions.
b. State another advantage of the type of organisation identified in (a) above.
c. State any two values which 'Steelo Ltd.' wanted to communicate to the society
Name the organizational structure which helps in increasing managerial and operational efficiency.
State any two advantages of Formal Organisation
State any three features of 'Informal Organisation'.
Differentiate between formal and informal organization on the basis of the following:
Origin
Differentiate between formal and informal organization on the following basis:
Behaviour
Differentiate between the functional organization and divisional organization
Write a short note on: Formal organisation.
Explain the principle of Esprit de corps as advocated by Henry Fayol.
It is defined as the framework within which managerial and operating tasks are performed.
Rishabh has joined as a Creative Head in an entertainment company. He always ensures that the work has been divided into small and manageable activities and also the activities of similar nature are grouped together. Identify the related step in organising process being mentioned in the above lines.
'Saarthi', the name has been associated with the manufacturing and sale of Fashion products since 1960, when Kapil Saarthi opened his first retail fashion clothing outlet in Ahmedabad. Sarthi Cosmetics was incorporated in India in 1940, and became a member of the S & M family of companies in 1959. Sarthi Perfumes began operations in Gujarat in an existing administrative S&M facility in 1985. An important difference between S&M and most other companies is that instead of operating as one large corporation it operates as 180 smaller companies each focused on a specific product and area, implying selective dispersal of authority, recognising the decision makers need four autonomy, as decision making authority is pushed down the chain of command. It enables the company to maintain short lines of communication with customers and employees, and accelerate the development of talent.
As “The decision making authority is pushed down the chain of command” at S&M enterprises, it provides the benefit of quick decision making to the organisation because ______.
Span of management refers to
Grouping of activities on the basis of functions is a part of
Which of the following are a few prominent advantages of a divisional structure?
In what way an informal structure would benefit the organization?
Read the following text and answer the questions given below:
'Pappu Sweets Makers' is a sweets making company which has turnover in crores. In order to manage the work in the organisation, the departments have been created on the basis of functions. Examine the following situations of this organisation and give answers accordingly :
Situation 1: It is expected that employees who are performing similar tasks work under the same department. So the company now has HR, Marketing and Finance departments. The division is based on specific functions.
Situation 2: There are similarities in the tasks performed within the same department.
Situation 3: The profit is increasing month by month due to the success of this structure of the organisation.
Situation 4: There has been minimum duplication of efforts as the same department is taking care of single function.
Which type of organisation structure is discussed in the above case?
Read the following text and answer the questions given below:
'Pappu Sweets Makers' is a sweets making company which has turnover in crores. In order to manage the work in the organisation, the departments have been created on the basis of functions. Examine the following situations of this organisation and give answers accordingly :
Situation 1: It is expected that employees who are performing similar tasks work under the same department. So the company now has HR, Marketing and Finance departments. The division is based on specific functions.
Situation 2: There are similarities in the tasks performed within the same department.
Situation 3: The profit is increasing month by month due to the success of this structure of the organisation.
Situation 4: There has been minimum duplication of efforts as the same department is taking care of single function.
Why do you think the profit is increasing as given in Situation 3?
| Diligent developers, a website design company in Bangalore is a startup initiative of Mr. Maniraj which aims at achieving a profit margin of 10% in its first year. Mr. Maniraj appointed Mr. Advait as the Digital marketing Head, Mr. Kiyansh as the head of Backend department and Mr. Nirved headed the Graphics Designing Department. Since each head was specialised in specific skills, it resulted in increased efficiency and better coordination. However, problems arose when Mr. Advait started considering group objectives superior to organisational objectives and stopped exchanging information with Mr. Kiyansh and Mr. Nirved. The company had to bear the brunt of lack of coordination and was unable to achieve its objectives. |
- Identify and state the organisational structure adopted by the company.
- State two benefits and two limitations of the identified structure highlighted in the above case.
