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प्रश्न
Adi Song for the Recovery of Lost Health' is in Miri Agom while Adi Agom is the Adi community's language for routine conversation. How does this reflect upon the high level of language sensitivity of the Adi? Can you think of other parallels in modern languages between the literary variety and the colloquial variety?
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उत्तर
The ' Adi song for the recovery of lost Health' is in Miri Agom. This language is not used in day to day conversation. It is applied in chanting during rituals. Miri Agom is a highly rhythmic language. The existence of these two different languages testify to the high level of language sensitivity of the Adi tribe. We find such parallels in modern languages also. The Hindi language , the Bangla language, the English language all have two variety of languages – one literary variety and the colloquial variety.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
After the convocation, Mrs. Mini, Rahul’s mother and Rahul have a conversation. Write the conversation and present it to the class in groups of three.
What inference can you draw from the action of the female gorilla described in para 2 ?
On the basis of your understanding of the above passage, make notes on it using headings and subheadings. Use recognizable abbreviations (wherever necessary – minimum four) and a format you consider suitable. Also supply an appropriate title to it.
Attempt a character sketch of Mrs. Hall.
Read the following passage and do the activities:
B1 Match:
Match the areas given in Column ‘A’ with the description of Mehendi design given in Column ‘B’:
| 'A' | 'B" | ||
| (i) | North African | (a) | A mix of Indo-Pakistani and Arabic design |
| (ii) | Indian | (b) | Delicate loops and curves, paisleys, teardrops |
| (iii) | Arabic | (c) | Geometrical images |
| (iv) | South Asian | (d) | Local textiles, paintings, and architecture |
Henna comes from the leaves of the plant Lawsonia inertias. The plant grows in hot and dry climes and is native to North Africa, the Indian subcontinent and the Middle East. The leaves of the plant are dried and crushed to powder. Various additives such as coffee decoction, tea, lime juice, Mehendi and eucalyptus oil are mixed with the henna powder to increase the potency of the dry, this also helps to bind the powder to a paste-like consistency. The mixture is applied through cones in intricate patterns depending on the region of use.
Album of Patterns
Four major styles can be found in the vast dictionary of Mehendi designs. Earlier the application was restricted to hand and feet, but the adoption of Mehendi by different cultures throughout the world has seen experimentation on different body parts including the neck naval and back.
North African patterns rely on geometrical images to trace the shape of hands and feet, Arabic designs borrow heavily from local textiles, paintings, and architecture. These are more spaced out, to allow the design to stand out boldly from the skin parts left untouched by henna. The Indian style comprises of delicate loops and curves, paisleys, teardrops and flowers that give a dainty filigreed glow-like effect. Though intricate patterning is the name of the game today, this trend took off in India only during the 20th century. The patterns preferred by the South Asian countries are mixed with Indo-Pakistani and Arabic design schemes. Chinese and Celtic symbols now find a place in the vast repertoire of Mehendi designs as well.
B2 Complete:
Complete the following and write:
(i) The procedure before applying henna _______
(ii) The reasons for using additives _______
(iii) The suitable climatic conditions for the henna plant _______
(iv) Mehendi is used on _______
B3 Find words:
Look at the following description and find out proper words from the passage and write:
(i) Existing naturally in the place : - n _______
(ii) Consist of something: - c _______
(iii) Delicate decoration made from gold, silver and copper wire: - f _______
(iv) Substance that is added in small quantity : - a _______
B4 Language study:
Fill in the blanks with suitable subordinators given in the box:
| as well as, so that, however, which |
(i) The mixture is applied through cones in intricate patterns _______ depend on the region of use.
(ii) The intricate pattern is the name of the game of today _______, this trend took off in India, recently.
(iii) North African pattern relies on geometrical images ______ they can trace the shape of hands and feet.
(iv) The patterns preferred by the South Asian countries are mixed with Indo-Pakistani _______ Arabic design schemes.
B5 Personal Response:
Which Mehendi design do you like? Why?
While tribal communities may not seem to possess the scientific temper,there are many ideas from tribal conventions that could enrich modern societies.
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The following two common words are used in a different sense in the poem. Guess what they mean
| bark | compass |
Pick out words from the poem to fill in the web diagram. They should be related to the theme in the web.
Answer in your own words.
In what ways is Ashangbi different from other women of her community?
Who said to whom and when / why?
| Who said | To whom? | When / why? | |
| ......the world is full of inequalities. | |||
| I want to do something interesting. | |||
| It is against the will of God. | |||
| Our home is full of love....... | |||
| ...... we can affirm along with United Nations that men and women are equal. |
Think and answer in your own words in your notebook.
Why do you think God created worms? What is their ecological importance?
Find out from the internet the poem ‘Song of Youth’ by Dr APJ Abdul Kalam.
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- Using information from your school library or the Internet, prepare a Profile of any great Indian Scientist.
Find proof from the poem for the following.
The poet’s minute observations of the steady growth of the cherry tree.
Go through the poem and state whether the following statement is true or false.
Planners take public consent for the alterations they make in the old structures of the city.
Play the roles of an interviewer and a Great Indian Bustard and present the interview in the classroom.
Explain the following statement with reference to the context.
And then, once the ring's broken, we'll get to work and show the public every day just how incompetent the Mayor is!
Where does the story take place?
Bassanio borrowed money from Shylock in Antonio’s name.
Write the following in short:
What the young lawyer pleaded.
Write the conditions that Portia put down to warn Shylock.
Write all the instances of the mischief done by Mr. Nobody.
Read the poem aloud with the proper rhythm. What does the rhythm remind you of?
Write the following:
The sights mentioned in the third stanza.
Read the lines of the following poem. Guess and fill in suitable words to make the lines rhyme -
Golden Glow
Soon after dawn, rises the _________________.
It wakes and enlivens every _________________.
It scares away the long, dark _________________.
The shining stars go out of _________________.
From tree to tree birds flit and, _________________.
Searching for food, with a sharp _________________.
The buds that open now show their, _________________
As flowers, they dance with beauty and _________________.
The hill slope wears a grassy green,_________________
The curved sparkling river, it's gold _________________.
The cock then crows to give a loud, _________________
Come on! wake up, folks! One and _________________.
I, then wake up, ‘Good Morning’ to,_________________
Let’s all look forward to a golden _________________.
List the various ways of avoiding the errors mentioned in the passage.
Make a list of your favourite fruits and vegetables and note down the time of the year when they are available in plenty.
Write what you can do to welcome birds in your surroundings.
Ask your parents or other grown-ups to show you some used notes. Observe them carefully. Have they been used properly? Write your observations.
Find a word that has a similar meaning.
unfair
Who were the inhabitants of the island?
Who was Caliban? What was he employed for?
Why had Prospero raised a violent storm in the sea?
Why were the policeman prevented from entering grandfather's room?
Who used the zither and how?
Answer the following question in about 100-150 word.
Narrate the extensive search operation made by the policemen in the house.
Why did Dr. Ashok’s cousin call him?
How is Karagattam performed?
Write the names of the characters in this story.
1. ______ 2. ______ 3. ______
Underline the words or phrases that tell you what the wind does to the village.
Why can’t Alice get through the little door into the garden?
Turtles are different from tortoises.
When Amma said,'Don’t upset our foreign visitor' she meant______.
Identify and write the sport's name respectively.
- ______
- ______
- ______
- ______
When did the richest farmer get upset? Why?
How did Santhosh know that the river was clean?
How did the second daughter use the grain?
According to the Indian army, Jaswant is still serving.
Where is the key?
Why did Robinson name the tribe Friday?
Meena’s father was a fisher man.
People ran off when the seawater receded.
Why did the king want a leader who knows to grow a plant?
Why did the greedy merchant get angry?
Keep moving though your progress is ______.
Why did the headmaster give Megala a special prize?
What did Pinocchio say in the end?
Now, read the following passage on “Laughter Therapy” and answer the questions that follow.
- Laughing is an excellent way to reduce stress in our lives; it can help you to cope with and survive a stressful life. Laughter provides full-scale support for your muscles and unleashes a rush of stress-busting endorphins. Since our bodies cannot distinguish between real and fake laughter, anything that makes you giggle will have a positive impact.
- Laughter Therapy aims to get people laughing, in groups and individual sessions and can help reduce stress, make people and employees happier and more committed, as well as improve their interpersonal skills. This laughter comes from the body and not the mind.
- Laughter Yoga (Hasya yoga) is a practice involving prolonged voluntary laughter. It aims to get people laughing in groups. It is practiced in the early mornings in open-parks. It has been made popular as an exercise routine developed by Indian physician Madan Kataria, who writes about the practice in his 2002 book ‘Laugh for no reason'. Laughter Yoga is based on the belief that voluntary laughter provides the same physiological as well as psychological benefits as spontaneous laughter.
- Laughter yoga session may start with gentle warm-up techniques which include stretching, chanting, clapping, eye contact and body movements to help break down inhibitions and encourage a sense of playfulness. Moreover, laughter is the best medicine. Breathing exercises are used to prepare the lungs for laughter followed by a series of laughter exercises that combine a method of acting and visualization techniques. Twenty minutes of laughter is sufficient to augment physiological development.
- A handful of small-scale scientific studies have indicated that laughter yoga has some medically beneficial effects, including cardiovascular health and mood. This therapy has proved to be good for depressed patients. This laughter therapy also plays a crucial role in social bonding.
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a. How does laughter help one to cope with stress?
b. Which word in the text (para 2) means the same as ‘dedicated'?
c. Why do you think voluntary laughter provides the same physiological as well as psychological benefits as spontaneous laughter?
d. ‘Laughter is the best medicine’. Explain.
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- sitting on the ground with legs crossed
- body movements
- clapping
- closed eyes
- breathing exercises
- chanting
- stretching of arms and legs
- bending backwards
- running/jogging
- eye contact
f. ‘Laughter therapy also plays a crucial role in social bonding’. How?
Being a bachelor, the stranger had no patience with children.
Read the following sentence.
‘A very wise man once remarked that of the unspoken word, you are a master; of the spoken word, you are a slave.’
The sentence has two pairs of opposites - spoken and unspoken, and master and slave. The contrasting ideas make the sentence more effective. Putting together opposite or contrasting ideas in one sentence is a literary device. It is called antithesis.
Read the following examples of antithesis.
- Give every man thy ear, but few thy voice.
- Man proposes and God disposes.
- Speech is silver, but silence is gold.
- Patience is bitter, but it has a sweet fruit.
