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Distinguish between a sigma and a pi bond.
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Give a brief description of the principle of the following technique taking an example.
Crystallisation
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Describe the method, which can be used to separate two compounds with different solubilities in a solvent S.
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What do you understand by the term hydrogen economy?
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What do you understand by the term hydrogenation?
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What is the total number of sigma and pi bonds in the following molecules?
C2H4
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The reactant which is entirely consumed in reaction is known as limiting reagent. In the reaction \[\ce{2A + 4B -> 3C + 4D}\], when 5 moles of A react with 6 moles of B, then which is the limiting reagent?
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The reactant which is entirely consumed in reaction is known as limiting reagent. In the reaction \[\ce{2A + 4B -> 3C + 4D}\], when 5 moles of A react with 6 moles of B, then calculate the amount of C formed?
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Calcium carbonate reacts with aqueous \[\ce{HCl}\] to give \[\ce{CaCl2}\] and \[\ce{CO2}\] according to the reaction given below:
\[\ce{CaCO3(s) + 2HCl (aq) -> CaCl2 (aq) + CO2(g) + H2O (l)}\]
What mass of \[\ce{CaCl2}\] will be formed when 250 mL of 0.76 M \[\ce{HCl}\] reacts with 1000 g of \[\ce{CaCO3}\]? Name the limiting reagent. Calculate the number of moles of \[\ce{CaCl2}\] formed in the reaction.
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Arrange s, p and d sub-shells of a shell in the increasing order of effective nuclear charge (Zeff) experienced by the electron present in them.
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Isostructural species are those which have the same shape and hybridisation. Among the given species identify the isostructural pairs.
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The types of hybrid orbitals of nitrogen in \[\ce{NO^{+}2}\] , \[\ce{NO^{-}3}\] and \[\ce{NH^{+}4}\] respectively are expected to be ______.
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Which of the following angle corresponds to sp2 hybridisation?
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Predict the shapes of the following molecules on the basis of hybridisation.
\[\ce{BCl3, CH4 , CO2, NH3}\]
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Match the species in Column I with the type of hybrid orbitals in Column II.
| Column I | Column II |
| (i) \[\ce{SF4}\] | (a) sp3d2 |
| (ii) \[\ce{IF5}\] | (b) d2sp3 |
| (iii) \[\ce{NO^{+}2}\], | (c) sp3d |
| (iv) \[\ce{NH^{+}4}\], | (d) sp3 |
| (e) sp |
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Match the shape of molecules in Column I with the type of hybridisation in Column II.
| Column I | Column II |
| (i) Tetrahedral | (a) sp2 |
| (ii) Trigonal | (b) sp |
| (iii) Linear | (c) sp3 |
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Discuss the concept of hybridisation. What are its different types in a carbon atom.
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What is the type of hybridisation of carbon atoms marked with star.
\[\begin{array}{cc}
\phantom{.....}\ce{O}\\
\phantom{.....}||\\
\ce{\overset{∗}{C}H2 = CH - \overset{∗}{C} - O - H}
\end{array}\]
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What is the type of hybridisation of carbon atoms marked with star.
\[\ce{CH3 - \overset{∗}{C}H2 - OH}\]
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What is the type of hybridisation of carbon atoms marked with star.
\[\begin{array}{cc}
\phantom{..........}\ce{O}\\
\phantom{..........}||\\
\ce{CH3 - CH2 - \overset{∗}{C} - H}
\end{array}\]
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