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Write two differences between DNA and RNA.
Concept: Introduction of Nucleic Acids
The following questions are case-based questions. Read the passage carefully and answer the questions that follow:
| Carbohydrates are optically active polyhydroxy aldehydes and ketones. They are also called saccharides. All those carbohydrates which reduce Fehling's solution and Tollen's reagent are referred to as reducing sugars. Glucose, the most important source of energy for mammals, is obtained by the hydrolysis of starch. Vitamins are accessory food factors required in the diet. Proteins are the polymers of α-amino acids and perform various structural and dynamic functions in the organisms. Deficiency of vitamins leads to many diseases. |
Answer the following:
(a) The penta-acetate of glucose does not react with Hydroxylamine. What does it indicate? (1)
(b) Why cannot vitamin C be stored in our body? (1)
(c) Define the following as related to proteins: (2)
- Peptide linkage
- Denaturation
OR
(c) Define the following as related to carbohydrates: (2)
- Anomers
- Glycosidic linkage
Concept: Classification of Carbohydrates
Give the reaction of glucose with hydrogen cyanide. Presence of which group is confirmed by this reaction?
Concept: Biomolecules in the Cell > Carbohydrates >> Structures of Glucose
Give a reason for the following observations:
Penta-acetate of glucose does not react with hydroxylamine.
Concept: Biomolecules in the Cell > Carbohydrates >> Structures of Glucose
Give a reason for the following observations:
Water soluble vitamins must be taken regularly in the diet.
Concept: Vitamins >> Classification of Vitamins
Give a reason for the following observations:
The two strands in DNA are complementary to each other.
Concept: Introduction of Nucleic Acids
What is the role of t-butyl peroxide in the polymerization of ethene?
Concept: Types of Polymerisation Reactions - Addition Polymerisation or Chain Growth Polymerisation
Write the mechanism of free radical polymerization of ethene.
Concept: Types of Polymerisation Reactions - Addition Polymerisation or Chain Growth Polymerisation
Write the names and structure of the monomers of the following polymers:
Nylon-6, 6
Concept: Types of Polymerisation Reactions - Condensation Polymerisation Or Step Growth Polymerisation
Write the names of monomers used for getting the following polymer:
Neoprene
Concept: Introduction to Polymers >> Classification of Polymers Based on Molecular Forces
Write the names of monomers used for getting the following polymer:
Teflon
Concept: Introduction to Polymers >> Classification of Polymers Based on Structure
After the ban on plastic bags, students of a school decided to make people aware of the harmful effects of plastic bags on the environment and Yamuna River. To make the awareness more impactful, they organised a rally by partnering with other schools and distributed paper bags to vegetable vendors, shopkeepers and departmental stores. All the students pledged not to use polythene bags in the future to save the Yamuna River.
After reading the above passage, answer the following questions:
(i) What values are shown by the students?
(ii) What are bio-degradable polymers? Give one example.
(iii) Is polythene a condensation or an addition polymer?
Concept: Molecular Mass of Polymers
Write the structure of the monomer used in the following polymer:
Buna-S
Concept: Types of Polymerisation Reactions - Rubber
Write the structures of monomers used the following polymers:
Glyptal
Concept: Polymers of Commercial Importance
Define Broad-spectrum antibiotics with a suitable example?
Concept: Classification of Drugs
Explain Tranquilizers
Concept: Classification of Drugs
Seeing the growing cases of diabetes and depression among young children, Mr Lugani, the principal of one reputed school, organised a seminar in which he invites parents and principals. They all resolved this issue by strictly banning junk food in schools and introducing healthy snacks and drinks like soup, lassi, milk etc. in school canteens. They also decided to make compulsory half an hour of daily physical activities for the students in the health survey in most of the school and discovered a tremendous improvement in the health of the students
After reading the above passage, answer the following questions:
(i) What are the values (at least two) displayed by Mr Lugani?
(ii) As a student, how can you spread awareness about this issue?
(iii) What are antidepressant drugs? Give an example.
(iv) Name the sweetening agent used in the preparation of sweets for a diabetic patient.
Concept: Chemicals in Food - Artificial Sweetening Agents and Food Preservatives
Mr. Roy, the principal of one reputed school organized a seminar in which he invited parents and principals to discuss the serious issue of diabetes and depression in students. They all resolved this issue by strictly banning the junk food in schools and to introduce healthy snacks and drinks like soup, lassi, milk etc. in school canteens. They also decided to make compulsory half an hour physical activities for the students in the morning assembly daily. After six months, Mr. Roy conducted the health survey in most of the schools and discovered a tremendous improvement in the health of students.
After reading the above passage, answer the following :
(i) What are the values (at least two) displayed by Mr. Roy ?
(ii) As a student, how can you spread awareness about this issue ?
(iii) What are tranquillizers ? Give an example.
(iv) Why is use of aspartame limited to cold foods and drinks ?
Concept: Chemicals in Food - Artificial Sweetening Agents and Food Preservatives
On the occasion of World Health Day, Dr. Satpal organized a ‘health camp’ for the poor farmers living in a nearby village. After check-up, he was shocked to see that most of the farmers suffered from cancer due to regular exposure to pesticides and many were diabetic. They distributed free medicines to them. Dr. Satpal immediately reported the matter to the
National Human Rights Commission (NHRC). On the suggestions of NHRC, the government decided to provide medical care, financial assistance, setting up of super-speciality hospitals for treatment and prevention of the deadly disease in the affected villages all over India.
(i) Write the values shown by
(a) Dr. Satpal
(b) NHRC
(ii) What type of analgesics are chiefly used for the relief of pains of terminal cancer ?
(iii) Give an example of artificial sweetener that could have been recommended to diabetic patients
Concept: Chemicals in Food - Artificial Sweetening Agents and Food Preservatives
Give two examples of macromolecules that are chosen as drug targets
Concept: Drug-target Interaction - Receptors as Drug Targets
