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Science (English Medium) Class 12 - CBSE Important Questions

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Where are the untranslated regions located on mRNA and why?

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Chapter: [5] Molecular Basis of Inheritance
Concept: Translation

Explain the process of binding of ribosomal units to mRNA during protein synthesis.

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Chapter: [5] Molecular Basis of Inheritance
Concept: Protein Synthesis

A short piece of DNA, having 20 base pairs, was analyzed to find the number of nucleotide bases in each of the polynucleotide strands. Some of the results are shown in the table.

  Number of nucleotide bases
  Adenine Cytosine Guanine Thymine
Strand 1 4 4    
Strand 2   5    

How many nucleotides containing Adenine were present in strand 2?

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Chapter: [5] Molecular Basis of Inheritance
Concept: Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) >> Structure of Polynucleotide Chain

What is the smallest part of a DNA molecule that can be changed by a point mutation?

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Chapter: [5] Molecular Basis of Inheritance
Concept: Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) >> Structure of Polynucleotide Chain
  • Assertion: Ribosomal RNA is synthesized in the nucleus of the cell.
  • Reason: It is translated with the enzyme RNA polymerase III.
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Chapter: [5] Molecular Basis of Inheritance
Concept: Process of Transcription in Bacteria

The image below shows the result of plating bacteria in a chromogenic medium after incorporating the gene of interest in the plasmid. Some plates had blue colonies; some plates had white colonies. A single bacterium extracted from Plate I, II, and III is shown below:

 

On the basis of your observations:

  1. Identify the plate(s) which is/are white. Give a reason.
  2. Identify the plate(s) which is/are blue. Give a reason.
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Chapter: [5] Molecular Basis of Inheritance
Concept: Regulation of Gene Expression

Write the probable differences in eating habits of Homo habilis and Homo erectus.

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Chapter: [6] Evolution
Concept: Human Evolution

Explain co-evolution with reference to parasites and their hosts.

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Chapter: [6] Evolution
Concept: Adaptive Radiation

How did Darwin explain adaptive radiation ? Give another example exhibiting adaptive radiation.

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Chapter: [6] Evolution
Concept: Adaptive Radiation

Why are analogous structures a result of convergent evolution?

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Chapter: [6] Evolution
Concept: Adaptive Radiation

Cite an example where more than one adaptive radiations have occurred in an isolated geographical area. Name the type of evolution your example depicts and state why it is so named.

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Chapter: [6] Evolution
Concept: Adaptive Radiation

What role does an individual organism play as per Darwin's theory of natural selection?

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Chapter: [6] Evolution
Concept: Evolution of Life Forms - a Theory

Mention any four special adaptive evolved in parasites for their parasite mode of life.

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Chapter: [6] Evolution
Concept: Adaptive Radiation

Explain divergent evolution with two examples. 

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Chapter: [6] Evolution
Concept: Evolution of Life Forms - a Theory

Answer the following question.
Write two differences between Homo erectus and Homo habilis.

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Chapter: [6] Evolution
Concept: Human Evolution

Write two differences between Homo erectus and Homo habilis

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Chapter: [6] Evolution
Concept: Human Evolution

Answer the following question.
Write the characteristics of Ramapithecus, Dryopithecus, and Neanderthal man.

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Chapter: [6] Evolution
Concept: Human Evolution

According to the Hardy-Weinberg principle, the allele frequency of a population remains constant. How do you interpret the change of frequency of alleles in a population?

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Chapter: [6] Evolution
Concept: Hardy Weinberg’s Principle

How does the Hardy-Wienberg equation explain genetic equilibrium?

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Chapter: [6] Evolution
Concept: Hardy Weinberg’s Principle

At a particular locus, the frequency of allele A is 0.8, and that of allele a is 0.2. What would be the frequency of heterozygotes in a random mating population at equilibrium?

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Chapter: [6] Evolution
Concept: Hardy Weinberg’s Principle
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