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Question
Why are halogens strong oxidising agents?
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Solution 1
The general electronic configuration of halogens is np5, where n = 2-6. Thus, halogens need only one more electron to complete their octet and to attain the stable noble gas configuration. Also, halogens are highly electronegative with low dissociation energies and high negative electron gain enthalpies. Therefore, they have a high tendency to gain an electron. Hence, they act as strong oxidizing agents.
Solution 2
Halogens are strong oxidising agents because:
- They have a strong tendency to gain one electron to achieve a noble gas configuration.
- This is due to their high electronegativity and high negative electron gain enthalpy.
- Halogens readily gain electrons, undergoing reduction, which makes them strong oxidisers.
- The oxidising power decreases from fluorine to iodine due to decreasing standard reduction potential.
- Halogens with lower atomic numbers can displace halide ions of halogens with higher atomic numbers from their salts.
RELATED QUESTIONS
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1 Atomic radii and ionic radii
2 Density
3 ionisation enthalpy
4 Electronegativity
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Match the items of Columns I and II and mark the correct option.
| Column I | Column II |
| (A) \[\ce{H2SO4}\] | (1) Highest electron gain enthalpy |
| (B) \[\ce{CCl3NO2}\] | (2) Chalcogen |
| (C) \[\ce{Cl2}\] | (3) Tear gas |
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Given below are two statements labelled as Assertion (A) and Reason (R).
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Reason (R): Ionisation enthalpies of the elements follow the order Nitrogen > Oxygen > Fluorine.
Select the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
Which of the following statements are correct?
(i) \[\ce{CaF2 + H2SO4 -> CaSO4 + 2HF}\]
(ii) \[\ce{2HI + H2SO4 -> I2 + SO2 + 2H2O}\]
(iii) \[\ce{Cu + 2H2SO4 -> CuSO4 + SO2 + 2H2O}\]
(iv) \[\ce{Nacl + H2SO4 -> NaHSO4 + HCl}\]
These are physical properties of an elements.
- Sublimation enthalpy
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- Hydration enthalpy
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The total number of above properties that affect the reduction potential is ______. (Integer answer)
______ is a radioactive element in group 16 elements.
Given below are two statements:
Statement I: The boiling point of hydrides of Group 16 elements follows the order:
H2O > H2Te > H2Se > H2S
Statement II: On the basis of molecular mass, H2O is expected to have a lower boiling point than the other members of the group but due to the presence of extensive H-bonding in H2O, it has a higher boiling point.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:
