Advertisements
Advertisements
Question
What may be the stable oxidation state of the transition element with the following d electron configurations in the ground state of its atom?
3d3
Advertisements
Solution
The stable oxidation state will be +5 due to the outer electronic configuration 3d3 4s2 (+2, +3, +4, +5).
APPEARS IN
RELATED QUESTIONS
Why is Sc3+ colourless while Ti3+ coloured? (Atomic number Sc = 21, Ti =22)
Which of the following cations are coloured in aqueous solutions and why ?
Sc3+, V3+, Ti4+, Mn2+ (At. Nos. Sc = 21, V = 23, Ti = 22, Mn = 25)
Account for the following:
Zn is not considered as a transition element.
Compare the general characteristics of the first series of the transition metals with those of the second and third series metals in the respective vertical columns. Give special emphasis on the following point:
Electronic configurations
The transition metals show _________ character because of the presence of unpaired· electrons and Cu+ is ____________ because of its electronic configuration is [Ar]3d10
Read the passage given below and answer the following question:
The transition metals when exposed to oxygen at low and intermediate temperatures form thin, protective oxide films of up to some thousands of Angstroms in thickness. Transition metal oxides lie between the extremes of ionic and covalent binary compounds formed by elements from the left or right side of the periodic table. They range from metallic to semiconducting and deviate by both large and small degrees from stoichiometry. Since electron bonding levels are involved, the cations exist in various valence states and hence give rise to a large number of oxides. The crystal structures are often classified by considering a cubic or hexagonal close-packed lattice of one set of ions with the other set of ions filling the octahedral or tetrahedral interstices. The actual oxide structures, however, generally show departures from such regular arrays due in part to distortions caused by packing of ions of different size and to ligand field effects. These distortions depend not only on the number of d-electrons but also on the valence and the position of the transition metal in a period or group.
In the following questions, a statement of assertion followed by a statement of reason is given. Choose the correct answer out of the following choices on the basis of the above passage.
Assertion: Cations of transition elements occur in various valence states.
Reason: Large number of oxides of transition elements are possible.
Why EΘ values for Mn, Ni and Zn are more negative than expected?
When a brown compound of manganese (A) is treated with \[\ce{HCl}\] it gives a gas (B). The gas taken in excess, reacts with \[\ce{NH3}\] to give an explosive compound (C). Identify compounds A, B and C.
EΘ of Cu is + 0.34V while that of Zn is – 0.76V. Explain.
Identify A to E and also explain the reactions involved.
When a chromite ore (A) is fused with sodium carbonate in free excess of air and the product is dissolved in water, a yellow solution of compound (B) is obtained. After treatment of this yellow solution with sulphuric acid, compound (C) can be crystallised from the solution. When compound (C) is treated with KCl, orange crystals of compound (D) crystallise out. Identify A to D and also explain the reactions.
Account for the following:
In case of transition elements, ions of the same charge in a given series show progressive decrease in radius with increasing atomic number.
Sodium this sulphate is used in photography because of its:-
Why are all copper halides known except that copper iodide?
Give reason for the following statement:
[Ti(H2O)]3+ is coloured while [Sc(H2O)6]3+ is colourless.
Assertion (A): Transition metals have high enthalpy of atomisation.
Reason (R): Greater number of unpaired electrons in transition metals results in weak metallic bonding.
A coordination compound has the formula \[\ce{CoCl3.4NH3}\]. It precipitates silver ions as AgCl and its molar conductance corresponds to a total of two ions.
Based on this information, answer the following question:
- Deduce the structural formula of the complex compound.
- Write the IUPAC name of the complex compound.
- Draw the geometrical isomers of the complex compound.
Describe the oxidising action of potassium dichromate and write the ionic equation for its reaction with iron (II) solution.
Compare the general characteristics of the first series of the transition metals with those of the second and third series metals in the respective vertical columns. Give special emphasis on the following point:
Oxidation states
