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प्रश्न
What may be the stable oxidation state of the transition element with the following d electron configurations in the ground state of its atom?
3d3
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उत्तर
The stable oxidation state will be +5 due to the outer electronic configuration 3d3 4s2 (+2, +3, +4, +5).
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Why do the transition elements have higher enthalpies of atomisation?
How would you account for the following: Transition metals form complex compounds.
|
`E_((M^(2+)/M)` |
Cr | Mn | Fe | Co | Ni | Cu |
| -0.91 | -1.18 | -0.44 | -0.28 | -0.25 | -0.34 |
From the given data of E0 values, answer the following questions :
(1) Why is `E_(((Cu^(2+))/(Cu)))` value exceptionally positive
(2) Why is `E_(((Mn^(2+))/(Mn)))` value is highly negative as compared to other elements
(3) Which is the stronger reducing agents Cr2+ or Fe2+ ? Give Reason.
Compare the stability of +2 oxidation state for the elements of the first transition series.
Compare the general characteristics of the first series of the transition metals with those of the second and third series metals in the respective vertical columns. Give special emphasis on the following point:
Electronic configurations
Write down the number of 3d electrons in the following ion:
Cu2+
Indicate how would you expect the five 3d orbitals to be occupied for this hydrated ions (octahedral).
What can be inferred from the magnetic moment value of the following complex species?
| Example | Magnetic Moment (BM) |
| K2[MnCl4] | 5.9 |
Transition metals with lowest melting point is ______.
Read the passage given below and answer the following question:
The transition metals when exposed to oxygen at low and intermediate temperatures form thin, protective oxide films of up to some thousands of Angstroms in thickness. Transition metal oxides lie between the extremes of ionic and covalent binary compounds formed by elements from the left or right side of the periodic table. They range from metallic to semiconducting and deviate by both large and small degrees from stoichiometry. Since electron bonding levels are involved, the cations exist in various valence states and hence give rise to a large number of oxides. The crystal structures are often classified by considering a cubic or hexagonal close-packed lattice of one set of ions with the other set of ions filling the octahedral or tetrahedral interstices. The actual oxide structures, however, generally show departures from such regular arrays due in part to distortions caused by packing of ions of different size and to ligand field effects. These distortions depend not only on the number of d-electrons but also on the valence and the position of the transition metal in a period or group.
In the following questions, a statement of assertion followed by a statement of reason is given. Choose the correct answer out of the following choices on the basis of the above passage.
Assertion: Cations of transition elements occur in various valence states.
Reason: Large number of oxides of transition elements are possible.
EΘ of Cu is + 0.34V while that of Zn is – 0.76V. Explain.
The halides of transition elements become more covalent with increasing oxidation state of the metal. Why?
Match the catalysts given in Column I with the processes given in Column II.
| Column I (Catalyst) | Column II (Process) |
| (i) \[\ce{Ni}\] in the presence of hydrogen | (a) Zieglar Natta catalyst |
| (ii) \[\ce{Cu2C12}\] | (b) Contact process |
| (iii) \[\ce{V2O5}\] | (c) Vegetable oil to ghee |
| (iv) Finely divided iron | (d) Sandmeyer reaction |
| (v) \[\ce{TiCl4 + Al (CH3)3}\] | (e) Haber's Process |
| (f) Decomposition of KCIO3 |
Assertion: \[\ce{Cu^2+}\] iodide is not known.
Reason: \[\ce{Cu^2+}\] oxidises \[\ce{I^-}\] to iodine.
Fill in the blanks by choosing the appropriate word(s) from those given in the brackets:
(activation energy, Threshold energy, increased, lowered, partially, full, d-d transition, Benzoic acid, benzaldehyde)
Only those transition metal ions will be coloured which have ______ filled d-orbitals facilitating ______.
The element with atomic number 46 belongs to
Account for the following:
Copper has an exceptionally positive `"E"_("M"^(2+)//"M")^0` value.
Write the ionic equation for reaction of KI with acidified KMnO4.
Explain the use of different transition metals as catalysts.
Compare the general characteristics of the first series of the transition metals with those of the second and third series metals in the respective vertical columns. Give special emphasis on the following point:
Oxidation states
The E° value for the Mn2+/Mn2+ couple is more positive than that of Cr3+/Cr2+ or Fe3+/Fe2+ due to the change of:
