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Question
What is Grignard reagent? How is it prepared? Why are they prepared under anhydrous condition?
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Solution
- Grignard reagent: When alkyl halide is treated with magnesium in the dry ether as the solvent, it gives alkyl magnesium halide. This is known as the Grignard reagent.
- The Grignard reagent can be prepared as,
\[\ce{\underset{Alkyl halide}{R - X} + Mg ->[dry ether] \underset{\text{Alkyl magnesium halide (Grignard reagent)}}{R - Mg - X}}\] - Grignard reagents are highly reactive compounds.
- They react with water or compounds containing hydrogen attached to the electronegative element.
Hence, reactions involving Grignard reagent must be carried out under anhydrous condition.
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