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Question
Sumit, aged seven years, is often scolded by his teachers as he distracts his classmates. The teachers have to make extra efforts to make him sit in class and pay attention. He disrupts the class by walking around.
- Identify the type of disorder displayed by Sumit.
- Explain any three symptoms of the disorder identified in subpart (a).
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Solution
- ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder)
- ADHD is a neurodevelopmental condition that impairs impulse control, hyperactivity management, and concentration. The following are some essential points about ADHD:
- Attention Issues: ADHD can hinder academic achievement, work productivity, and daily functioning by making it difficult to focus on specific activities, which is necessary for efficient task completion.
- Impulsivity: ADHD is characterized by impulsivity, which can lead to risky activities and decisions. This can have negative consequences for relationships, social interactions, and overall self-control.
- Hyperactivity: ADHD can make it difficult for individuals to be calm and engaged in peaceful activities for extended periods of time owing to excessive activity and restlessness. Hyperactivity can hinder academic or professional performance by disrupting tasks that need sustained focus and concentration.
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| Therapist: | “In our last session, you told me that you do not like attending any social gathering.” |
| Simran: | “Yes, I do not like to attend such functions and prefer to be alone.” |
| Therapist: | “Why is it so?" |
| Simran: | “When I was young my uncle made fun of me in front of my cousins. Since then, I shy away from social situation. I am very sensitive to criticism, so I prefer being on my own.” |
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- Briefly discuss any three cause of the disorder displayed by Simran.
| Aditi faces recurring periods of intense emotional swings. In some phases, she feels unusually energised, talks rapidly, and indulges in impulsive activities like excessive spending of money. At other times, she withdraws from social interactions, experiences deep sadness, and finds it challenging to focus or engage in daily activities. |
- List the two stages of the psychological disorder displayed by Aditi. (2)
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Behavioural disorders are characterised by behaviours that are______.
Mental Retardation in DSM categories refers to______.
Neglect of these disorders during childhood can lead to______.
