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Question
State the underlying principle of a transformer. How is the large scale transmission of electric energy over long distances done with the use of transformers?
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Solution
Transformer Principle: It is a device which converts high voltage AC into low voltage AC and vice-versa. It is based upon the principle of mutual induction. When alternating current is passed through a coil, an induced emf is set up in the neighbouring coil.
Transformers are used for transmission of electrical energy over long distances.
It step up the output voltage of power plant using step up transformer which reduce the current through cables and hence reduce resistive power loss. Then a step down transformer is used at consumer end to step down the voltage.
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