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Questions
State the reason why carbon can neither form C4+ cations nor C4− anions but forms covalent compound.
Give a reason why carbon can neither form C4+ cations nor C4− anions but form covalent compounds.
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Solution 1
To achieve a stable electron configuration, carbon typically either loses 4 electrons to create a C4+ cation or gains 4 electrons to produce a C4− anion. Both options are significantly energetically unfavorable. Carbon attains a stable electron configuration by sharing electrons via covalent bonding instead of acquiring or losing electrons.
Solution 2
Since it would take a lot of energy to gain or lose four electrons to make C4+ or C4− ions, carbon is unable to do so. Instead, it solves this by sharing electrons, which is how covalent bonding achieves tetravalency.
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