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Question
Several youngsters have problems in dealing with their parents. With your partner, discuss the difference ln views and complete the table below. Sometimes there may be no contradiction between the two views.
| Features | As we see ourselves | As our parents see us |
| How tidy we are | ||
| The types of clothes we wear | ||
| How courteous we are | ||
| How much we study | ||
| How independently are we allowed to express our opinions |
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Solution
| Features | As we see ourselves | As our parents see us |
| How tidy we are | We are as tidy as possible | We always make a mess of our study table |
| The types of clothes we wear | Fashionable,trendy | Too flashy |
| How courteous we are | We never show disrespect to elders | They are brash |
| How much we study | Plenty | They don't devote time towards study |
| How independently are we allowed to express our opinions | Most often we are told to keep mum on important issues | They get enough freedom for their age |
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e.g.
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Did you know?
Modals are a small group of verbs that are used to express possibility,
probability, capability, capacity, ability, obligation and predictions.
Some of the modals you learnt in this unit are
can
may
shall
could
might
should
Need, dare, had better are also modals.
Understanding Modals:
Modal Auxiliaries
A modal verb or auxiliary verb is a verb, which modifies another verb, so that
the modified verb has more intention in its expression. In essence the modal
verb expresses modality, the way in which something is being said.
The main modals are
Can: could; may: might; shall: should; will: would: must; ought to; need to;
have to.
The negative modals are
Couldn't; wouldn't; shouldn't; mustn't; needn't; oughtn't/ ought not to
| Modal | Examples | Uses |
| Can/ can't |
She can read and write It can rain today Can I borrow your pen? Can you lend me your notes? Can I carry your books? |
ability possibility /probability seeking permission request offer |
| Could/ couldn't |
Could I borrow your book? Could you please help me with this sum? We could go for a picnic on Sunday I think you could come first this time There was a time when I could work round the clock. |
seeking permission request suggestion possibility/ probability past ability |
| May |
May I have some water? May I help you? May I shut the door? India may become a super power by 2020. May God bless you |
request offer permission possibility/ probability wish/ desire |
| Might | They might sell their house as they need the money. | future possibility/ probability |
| Will /Won't |
It is very cold so I will stay at home. I will help you if you wish. Will you look after my dog for a day? It will rain tonight. I will get you a shawl from Srinagar. |
intention offer request prediction promise |
| Would/Wouldn't |
Would you mind if I come over tonight? Would five o'clock suit you? Yes it would. Would you pass the salt? Would you come to my party? Would you prefer tea or coffee? |
permission making arrangements request invitation preference
|
| Shall |
Shall I help you? Shall we meet at 3.00 pm outside Bakshi Stadium? |
offer making arrangements |
| Should |
We should check the timings of the train. You should listen to the advice of your elders. |
recommended action advice |
| Ought to |
You ought to do your duty. The bus ought to be here any minute |
advice probability |
| Must/mustn't |
We must make a move now. You mustn't tell lies. |
obligation necessity |
| Need |
He need not go to the market. You need to lose weight. I need to get the groceries. |
necessity compulsion insistence |
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| (a) (i) is (ii) been (iii) as (iv) being |
(b) (i) For (ii) Although (iii) But (iv) While |
(c) (i) by (ii) to (iii) in (iv) about |
(d) (i) on (ii) in (iii) of (iv) into |
| (e) (i) the (ii) a (iii) an (iv) as |
(f) (i) in (ii) of (iii) over (iv) out |
(g) (i) about (ii) for (iii) in (iv) of |
(h) (i) with (ii) in (iii) to (iv) into |
Film/Book Review
The aim of writing a film review is to judge a film or a book and inform the viewer / reader about it. The reviewer talks about the subject of the film / book being reviewed and how the film maker or director / author has handled the subject. At times the reviewer's aim is to arouse the interest of the viewer/ reader so that she / he wishes to see the film / read the book. Sometimes, the reviewer warns the viewer/ reader why she / he should not see or read a particular film / book.
Write a review of a Harry Potter film / book or an episode of Malgudi Days that you have seen.
You must include :
• the name of the film / book
• the cast / director/ writer
• the important characters
• a very brief outline of the film / book
• why the film/ book was worth seeing or reading / not worth seeing or reading.
Sources
1) //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bermuda-Triangle//
2) /www.bermuda-triangle.org/
3) /www.bermudatrianglemystery.net./
On the basis of your reading of the extract, tick the most appropriate answer :
a. Tom's mind had drifted away because
• Becky Thatcher had stopped coming to school
• he no longer took an interest in war.
• the charm oflife was gone.
• he had put his hoop and his bat away.
b. Aunt Polly was concerned because:
• Tom was hanging around Becky Thatcher's father's house all night
• Tom no longer took an interest in anything
• she was infatuated with patent medicines
• she had a fever
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• it was simply fire in a liquid form.
• her troubles were instantly at rest
• Tom's indifference was broken.
• Tom was responding well
d. 'Mending the health of a crack' means
• repairing a crack in the sitting-room floor
• looking after his health
• pouring the medicine into a crack in the sitting-room floor
• giving the medicine to the cat
On the basis of your reading of the extract, tick mark the most appropriate meaning for the given word :
(i) Infatuated (Para 1}
• fond
• influenced
• disliked
• addicted
(ii) Melancholy (Para 2)
• happy
• sad
• worried
• disappointed
(iii) Petrified (Para 6}
• horrified
• motionless
• stunned
• anxious
(iv) Gravity (Para 7}
• mischievous
• seriousness
• joyfulness
• greatness
Thinking about changes in Reported Speech.
Look at the cartoon and read the dialogue.
Now read the following paragraph, which reports what happened in the cartoon.
A customer walked into a bakery and complained that the bread he had bought the previous day had too much baking powder in it. The man at the counter told him that that was because they only served those people who wished to rise and shine.
Note the choice of tense in reported speech.
bought (simple past) → had bought (past perfect)
In the box below list the words that have been changed
List the two verbs of speaking that have been added.
- __________ that …..
- __________ that ….
The song 'We Are the World' has been sung by many famous singers of the West. Do you know why it is called 'We Are the World'? Why was it recorded? What were the singers trying to do? Did they succeed?
Student/ teacher can sing the song.
Listen to the song and check whether you have guessed right in Question 1. Listen again until you are ready to sing along with it.
Rearrange the following words and phrases to form meaningful sentences. The first one has been done for you as an example.
was/ about twenty / childhood / delight / years ago.
Childhood was a delight about twenty years ago.
(a) the leisure hours/of a child/ of the TV / today / are spent / in front
________________________________________________
(b) of most / now – a – days / the attitude / parents is / different
________________________________________________
(c) work and play / different things / they see / as / two
________________________________________________
(d) playing / feel / is a / waste of / they / time / that
________________________________________________
