Advertisements
Advertisements
Question
Name three products of the chlor-alkali process. State two uses of each of these products.
Advertisements
Solution
The three main products of the chlor-alkali process are hydrogen (H2), chlorine (Cl2) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH).
Uses of Sodium Hydroxide:
- Sodium hydroxide is used for making soaps and detergents.
- Sodium hydroxide is used for making artificial textile fibres (such as rayon).
- Sodium hydroxide is used in the manufacture of paper.
- Sodium hydroxide is used in purifying bauxite ore from which aluminium metal is extracted.
- Sodium hydroxide is used in degreasing metals, oil refining, and the production of dyes and bleaches.
Uses of Chlorine:
- Chlorine is used to sterilise drinking water supply, and the water in swimming pools. This is because chlorine is a disinfectant (which kills germs like bacteria present in water and makes it safe).
- It is used in the production of bleaching powder.
- It is used in the production of hydrochloric acid.
- It is used to make plastics such as polyvinyl chloride (PVC), pesticides, chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, paints and dye-stuffs.
- It is used for making solvents for dry cleaning (such as trichloroethane).
Uses of Hydrogen:
- Hydrogen is used in the hydrogenation of oils to obtain solid fats (called vegetable ghee or margarine).
- Hydrogen is used in the production of hydrochloric acid.
- Hydrogen is used to make ammonia for fertilisers.
- Hydrogen is used to make methanol (CH3ОH).
- Liquid hydrogen is used as a fuel for rockets.
APPEARS IN
RELATED QUESTIONS
State what would you observe when Washing Soda Crystals are exposed to the atmosphere
Give one word or a phrase:
The property by which certain hydrated salts, when left exposed to atmosphere, lose their water of crystallization and crumble into powder.
State one relevant observation for the following:
Anhydrous calcium chloride is exposed to air for some time.
Which of the following salt has a blue colour and why?
CuSO4.5H2O or CuSO4
Write the chemical name and formula of common salt.
What happens when copper sulphate crystals are heated strongly? Explain with the help of an equation.
Explain why chlorine is used for sterilising drinking water supply.
What is meant by ‘hydrated’ salts? Explain with examples.
Write the names, formulae and colours of any two hydrated salts.
The metal salt A is blue in colour. When salt A is heated strongly over a burner, then a substance B is eliminated and a white powder C is left behind. When a few drops of a liquid D are added to powder C, it becomes blue again. What could be A, B, C and D?
Give one example of a salt which gives an aqueous solution having:
pH more than 7
Consider the following salts:
Na2CO3, NaCl, NH4Cl, CH3COONa, K2SO4, (NH)2SO4
Which of these salts will give:
- acidic solutions?
- neutral solutions?
- basic solutions (or alkaline solutions)?
A salt X when dissolved in distilled water gives a clear solution which turns red litmus blue. Explain the phenomenon.
What is a ‘salt’?
name two salts which are acidic.
The pH values of three solutions A, B and C are given in the table. Answer the following questions:
| Solution | pH value |
| A | 12 |
| B | 2 |
| C | 7 |
- Which solution will have no effect on litmus solution?
- Which solution will liberate CO2 when reacted with sodium carbonate?
- Which solution will turn red litmus solution blue?
Sodium carbonate is a basic salt because it is a salt of a ____________.
Many salts absorb water from the atmosphere. This property is called:
A salt that is formed by the complete neutralization of an acid and a base is called ______ salt.
How is normal salt obtained? Give a suitable reaction.
