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प्रश्न
Name three products of the chlor-alkali process. State two uses of each of these products.
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उत्तर
The three main products of the chlor-alkali process are hydrogen (H2), chlorine (Cl2) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH).
Uses of Sodium Hydroxide:
- Sodium hydroxide is used for making soaps and detergents.
- Sodium hydroxide is used for making artificial textile fibres (such as rayon).
- Sodium hydroxide is used in the manufacture of paper.
- Sodium hydroxide is used in purifying bauxite ore from which aluminium metal is extracted.
- Sodium hydroxide is used in degreasing metals, oil refining, and the production of dyes and bleaches.
Uses of Chlorine:
- Chlorine is used to sterilise drinking water supply, and the water in swimming pools. This is because chlorine is a disinfectant (which kills germs like bacteria present in water and makes it safe).
- It is used in the production of bleaching powder.
- It is used in the production of hydrochloric acid.
- It is used to make plastics such as polyvinyl chloride (PVC), pesticides, chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, paints and dye-stuffs.
- It is used for making solvents for dry cleaning (such as trichloroethane).
Uses of Hydrogen:
- Hydrogen is used in the hydrogenation of oils to obtain solid fats (called vegetable ghee or margarine).
- Hydrogen is used in the production of hydrochloric acid.
- Hydrogen is used to make ammonia for fertilisers.
- Hydrogen is used to make methanol (CH3ОH).
- Liquid hydrogen is used as a fuel for rockets.
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|
(1) |
Calcium Sulphate |
(2) |
Sodium Sulphate |
|
(3) |
Calcium Chloride |
(4) |
Potassium Sulphate |
|
(5) |
Sodium Hydrogen Carbonate |
(6) |
Magnesium Chloride |
(A) 1, 2 and 4
(B) 1, 3 and 6
(C) 3, 5 and 6
(D) 2, 4 and 5
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| Solution | pH value |
| A | 12 |
| B | 2 |
| C | 7 |
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