A salt is a compound formed when the negative ion (anion) of an acid combines with the positive ion (cation) of a base during a neutralisation reaction. Salts, such as sodium chloride (table salt), are commonly used in daily life. In their solid state, salts are crystalline, and when dissolved in water or melted, they dissociate into positively and negatively charged ions. This property makes salts excellent electrolytes, enabling them to conduct electricity in their molten or dissolved states. Salts play an essential role in chemical reactions, biology, and various industrial applications.
Topics
Chemical Reactions and Equations
- Chemical Reaction
- Characteristics of Chemical Reactions
- Chemical Equations
- Balanced and Unbalanced Chemical Equations
- Balancing Chemical Equation
- Types of Chemical Reactions > Combination Reaction
- Types of Chemical Reactions > Decomposition Reaction
- Types of Chemical Reactions > Single Displacement Reaction
- Types of Chemical Reactions > Double Displacement Reaction
- Types of Chemical Reactions > Reversible and Irreversible Reactions
- Types of Chemical Reactions > Oxidation and Reduction Reactions
- Corrosion of Metals
- Rancidity
Chemical Substances-Nature and Behaviour
World of Living
Acids, Bases and Salts
- Introduction to Acids, Bases and Indicators
- Indicators for Testing Acids and Bases
- Acids
- Properties of Acids
- Common Properties of Acids
- Uses of Acids
- Bases
- Properties of Bases
- Uses of Bases
- Chemical Properties of Acids and Bases
- Common Properties of Acids and Bases
- Strength of Acid and Base Solutions : pH Scale
- Universal Indicator
- Importance of pH in Everyday Life
- Salts
- Salts > Family of Salts
- Salts > pH of Salts
- Common Salt
- Sodium hydroxide
- Washing Soda
- Baking Soda
- Bleaching Powder
- Plaster of Paris
- Water of Crystallisation: Hydrated Salts
Natural Phenomena
Metals and Non-metals
Carbon and its Compounds
Effects of Current
Life Processes
Natural Resources
Control and Coordination
How do Organisms Reproduce?
- DNA Copying and Variation
- The Importance of Variation
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- Asexual Reproduction
- Asexual Reproduction in Unicellular Organisms > Binary Fission
- Binary Fission > Simple Binary Fission
- Binary Fission > Longitudinal Binary Fission
- Binary Fission > Transverse Binary Fission
- Asexual Reproduction in Unicellular Organisms > Multiple Fission
- Asexual Reproduction in Multicellular Organisms > Fragmentation
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- Concept of Reproductive Health
Heredity
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- Gregor Johann Mendel – Father of Genetics
- Monohybrid Cross
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- Characteristics (or Traits) Transmitted to Progeny
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- Sex Determination in Humans
- Acquired and Inherited Traits
Light – Reflection and Refraction
- Nature of Light
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- Formation of Different Types of Images by a Concave Mirror
- Representation of Images Formed by Spherical Mirrors Using Ray Diagrams
- Sign Convention for Reflection by Spherical Mirrors
- Mirror Formula and Magnification
- Rules for Obtaining Images Formed by Convex Mirrors
- Formation of Image by a Convex Mirror
- Refraction of Light
- Effects of Refraction of Light
- Laws of Refraction of Light
- Refraction through a Rectangular Glass Slab
- The Refractive Index
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- Formation of Different Types of Images by a Convex Lens
- Image Formation by Lenses
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- Lens Formula and Magnification
- Lens Formula and Magnification Formulae for a Concave Lens
- Power of a Lens
The Human Eye and the Colourful World
- Human Eye
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- Advantages of Having Two Eyes for Vision
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- Defects of Vision and Their Corrections > Presbyopia
- Glass Prism
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- Dispersion of Light Through a Prism
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- Atmospheric Refraction
- Scattering of Light
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- Electric Charges
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- Graph Between V and I
- Experiment to Verify Ohm's Law
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- Resistivity
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- Domestic Electric Circuits
- Heating Effect of Electric Current
- Practical Applications of Heating Effect of Electric Current
- Electric Power
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- Effects Produced by Electric Current
- Applications of the Heating Effect of Current
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- Introduction to Magnets and Their Properties
- Electromagnetism
- Magnetic Field and Field Lines
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- Right-hand Thumb Rule
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- Magnetic Field due to a Current in a Solenoid
- Electromagnet
- Magnetism in Human Beings
- Force on a Current-Carrying Conductor in a Magnetic Field
- Domestic Electric Circuits
Our Environment
- Definition: Salt
Maharashtra State Board: Class 9
Introduction of Salts:
Maharashtra State Board: Class 9
Family of Salts:
- Chloride Family: Salts in this family contain chloride ions (Cl⁻) as their negative radicals. For Example: Sodium chloride, potassium chloride, calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, aluminum chloride, etc.
- Sulphate Family: These salts have sulphate ions (SO₄²⁻) as their negative radicals. For Example: Potassium sulphate, sodium sulphate, magnesium sulphate, copper sulphate, aluminum sulphate, etc.
- Nitrate Family: Salts in this group contain nitrate ions (NO₃⁻) as their negative radicals. For Example: Sodium nitrate, potassium nitrate, calcium nitrate, aluminum nitrate, copper nitrate, etc.
- Sodium Family: These salts have sodium ions (Na⁺) as their positive radicals. For Example: Sodium chloride, sodium sulphate, sodium nitrate, etc.
- Copper Family: Salts in this family include copper ions (Cu²⁺) as their positive radicals. For Example: Copper chloride, copper nitrate, copper sulphate, etc.
- Carbonate Family: Salts in this group have carbonate ions (CO₃²⁻) as their negative radicals. For Example: Sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, copper carbonate, etc.
Maharashtra State Board: Class 9
pH Value of a Salt:
Salts are compounds formed by the neutralisation reaction between an acid and a base. In water, salts ionise to produce cations and anions, which can interact with water to influence the solution's pH. Based on their pH value, salts are classified as:
- Neutral Salts: pH = 7 (e.g., sodium chloride, potassium sulphate).
- Acidic Salts: pH < 7 (e.g., ammonium chloride, ammonium sulphate).
- Basic Salts: pH > 7 (e.g., sodium carbonate, ammonium carbonate).
Examples of Salts and Their pH:
- Sodium chloride: pH = 7, neutral.
- Sodium carbonate: pH ≈ 11, basic.
- Ammonium chloride: pH ≈ 6, acidic.
- Potassium sulphate: pH = 7, neutral.
- Ammonium sulphate: pH ≈ 5.5, acidic.
- Potassium chloride: pH = 7, neutral.
- Ammonium carbonate: pH ≈ 7.8, slightly basic.
- Sodium sulphate: pH = 7, neutral.
CISCE: Class 10
Definition: Salt
Salt is a compound formed by the partial or total replacement of the ionisable hydrogen atoms of an acid by a metallic ion or an ammonium ion.
Video Tutorials
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