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Maharashtra State BoardHSC Commerce (English Medium) 12th Standard Board Exam
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In an assignment problem if number of rows is greater than number of columns, then dummy ______ is added

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Question

In an assignment problem if number of rows is greater than number of columns, then dummy ______ is added

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Solution

column

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Assignment Problem
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Q 4
Chapter 2.7: Assignment Problem and Sequencing - Q.2

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SCERT Maharashtra Mathematics and Statistics (Commerce) [English] Standard 12 Maharashtra State Board
Chapter 2.7 Assignment Problem and Sequencing
Q.2 | Q 4

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A job production unit has four jobs P, Q, R, S which can be manufactured on each of the four machines I, II, III and IV. The processing cost of each job for each machine is given in the following table :

Job Machines
(Processing cost in ₹)
I II III IV
P 31 25 33 29
Q 25 24 23 21
R 19 21 23 24
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Complete the following activity to find the optimal assignment to minimize the total processing cost.

Solution:

Step 1: Subtract the smallest element in each row from every element of it. New assignment matrix is obtained as follows :

Job Machines
(Processing cost in ₹)
I II III IV
P 6 0 8 4
Q 4 3 2 0
R 0 2 4 5
S 4 2 0 6

Step 2: Subtract the smallest element in each column from every element of it. New assignment matrix is obtained as above, because each column in it contains one zero.

Step 3: Draw minimum number of vertical and horizontal lines to cover all zeros:

Job Machines
(Processing cost in ₹)
I II III IV
P 6 0 8 4
Q 4 3 2 0
R 0 2 4 5
S 4 2 0 6

Step 4: From step 3, as the minimum number of straight lines required to cover all zeros in the assignment matrix equals the number of rows/columns. Optimal solution has reached.

Examine the rows one by one starting with the first row with exactly one zero is found. Mark the zero by enclosing it in (`square`), indicating assignment of the job. Cross all the zeros in the same column. This step is shown in the following table :

Job Machines
(Processing cost in ₹)
I II III IV
P 6 0 8 4
Q 4 3 2 0
R 0 2 4 5
S 4 2 0 6

Step 5: It is observed that all the zeros are assigned and each row and each column contains exactly one assignment. Hence, the optimal (minimum) assignment schedule is :

Job Machine Min.cost
P II `square`
Q `square` 21
R I `square`
S III 34

Hence, total (minimum) processing cost = 25 + 21 + 19 + 34 = ₹`square`


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