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Question
How will you prove that hydrochloric acid contains
- hydrogen
- chlorine?
Write equations for the reactions.
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Solution
We can prove that hydrochloric acid contains both hydrogen and chlorine by the following experiment:
Take a voltameter used for water electrolysis with a platinum cathode and a graphite anode. Pour 4 molars of HCl into the voltameter and measure the direct electric current. The cathode emits a colourless gas, while the anode produces a greenish-yellow one. If you put a burned splinter close to a colourless gas, the gas will burst into flames, showing that it is hydrogen gas. Wet starch iodide paper turns blue-black when immersed in the gas, confirming its identity as chlorine.
Chemical equation: \[\ce{2HCl -> H2 ^ + Cl2 ^}\]
This experiment proves that hydrochloric acid contains both hydrogen and chlorine.
RELATED QUESTIONS
Complete and balance the following reaction, state whether dilute or conc. acid is used.
\[\ce{NH4OH + HCl -> }\]
Complete and balance the following reaction, state whether dilute or conc. acid is used.
\[\ce{Pb(NO3)2 + HCl ->}\]
Give a balanced equation when dilute hydrochloric acid is added to : Calcium carbonate
Give a balanced equation when dilute hydrochloric acid is added to : Magnesium bicarbonate
How will you identify?
Chloride ion
A solution of hydrogen chloride in water is prepared. The following substances are added to separate portions of the solution:
| S. No. | Substances added | Gas evolved | Odour |
| 1. | Calcium carbonate | _________ | _________ |
| 2. | Magnesium ribbon | _________ | _________ |
| 3. | Manganese (IV) oxide with heating | _________ | _________ |
| 4. | Sodium sulphide | _________ | _________ |
Convert Hydrochloric acid to nascent chlorine.
Complete and balance the following reaction, state whether dilutes or conc. acid is used.
\[\ce{NH4OH + HCl -> }\]
Complete and balance the following reaction; state whether it is dilute or cone. acid is used.
\[\ce{NH_4OH + HCl ->}\]
Study the flow chart and give balanced equations with conditions for the conversions A, B, C, D and E.
