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Question
Given reasons: SN1 reactions are accompanied by racemization in optically active alkyl halides.
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Solution
In SN1 reaction, formation of carbocation as an intermediate takes place. This carbocation has sp2-hybridised and planar structure. This planar carbocation is attacked by nucleophile from both the sides equally to form d and l isomers in equal proportion. Such products are called racemic mixture. Hence, SN1 reactions are accompanied by racemisation in optically active alkyl halides.
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